TREES AND SHRUBS. 



loras have paid much attention to these forms, I have 

 which may be or which have been distinguished. 



s puberulous or quite glabrous ; leaflets usually oblong-ovate, rounded 

 I glabrous on the upper surface except the pubescent midrib, paler 

 or grayish green and covered with a soft pubescence beneath ; branchlets and the other parts of the shrub glabrous. 



Arkansas : Fulton, B. F Bush, June 11, 1909 (No. 5829 type) (in herb. Arnold Arboretum). Missouri : St. Louis, G. Engel- 

 mann, June 29, 1860 ; St. Louis, Cliff Cave, M. Craig, June, 1908 ; Washington, /. B. S. Norton, June 14, 1900 ; Randolph, K. K. 

 Mackenzie, July 17, 1898 (No. 257). Illinois : Creve-Cceur Lake, A. G. Johnson, June 26, 1905 (all in herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.). 

 Missouri : St. Louis, A. Rehder, September 15, 1904 (in herb. Arnold Arboretum). Indian Territory : Sapulpa, B. F. Bush, July 

 22, 1894 (No. 195). Louisiana : Lake Charles, A. Allison, 1904 (No. 143). Texas : Dallas, J. Reverchon, 1874 and 1880 (No. 

 384) (in herb. Gray) ; San Antonio, G. Jermy, 1904 (in herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.); New Braunfels, F. Lindheimer, 1851 (in herb. 

 Mo. Bot. Gard.). 



This variety differs in the persistent and soft pubescence on the under side of the leaves from the type, which has the leaves 

 more or less pubescent only along the midrib and on the veins and is usually nearly glabrous at maturity, although less often a 

 peculiar hirsute persistent pubescence occurs on the midrib on the under side of the leaves, as appears in some eastern specimens, 

 of which the following may be quoted : Connecticut : Middletown, S. B. Buckley, July, 1836 (in herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.). Georgia : 

 near Thomasville, /. K. Small, May 28, June 6, 1895. District of Columbia : Washington, on Ivy City Road, F. L. J. Boettcher, 

 July 12, 1893 (in herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.). Small's specimen from Georgia differs besides in the narrow leaflets and in the pilose 

 rachis. This eastern hirsute form may be the S. hirta Tausch {Flora, xxi. 737, 1838). In some western specimens of typical 

 Sambucus canadensis, particularly from Missouri and Kansas, I find the leaves quite glabrous even in a young state. 



Sambucus canadensis, var. submollis, f. Engelmannii, n. forma. 



Leaves bipinnate, with three to five pairs of primary segments, the lower ones five-foliolate, with oblong-ovate leaflets, the 

 upper ones undivided, oblong, all soft-pubescent on the under side as in var. submollis. 



Illinois : Sbiloh, on H. Engelmann's grounds, G. Engelmann, August 9, 1882 (in herb. Mo. Bot. Gard., type). 



Sambucus oreopola, Donnell-Smith, Bot. Gazette, xxv. 146 (1898). 



Costa Rica : Volcan Barba and Volcan Irazu, alt. 2000 m., A. Tonduz (Nos. 2107, 4223, types, not seen); Volcan Turrialba, 

 alt. 1900 m., H. Pittier, January, 1889 (Herb. Nat. Costa Rica, No. 13213); Estrella, prov. Cartago, alt. 1400 m., J. J. Cooper, 

 December, 1887 (No. 5730, as S. peruviana). 



Like the preceding variety this is pubescent on the whole under side of the leaflets, but differs from it in its much larger, nine- 

 to eleven-f oliolate leaves, in the narrower oblong leaflets from 10 to 18 centimetres long and from 4 to 5 centimetres broad, and 

 in the much larger cymes which attain 35 centimetres in diameter. 



Other Central American and Mexican forms referred to Sambucus canadensis do not seem to belong there, but are apparently 

 more closely related to Sambucus mexicana Presl and Sambucus bipinnata Chamisso and Schlechtendal. They have the short fila- 

 ments of these species, although they are sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. 



A green-fruited form of Sambucus canadensis, a counterpart of Sambucus nigra viridis Ait., has recently been found growing 

 wild by Mr. D. Desmond, near Wilmington Junction, New Hampshire, and is now in cultivation at the Arnold Arboretum. It 

 may be distinguished as : 



Sambucus canadensis, f. chlorocarpa, n. forma. 



This differs from the type in its pale green fruits. Leaves pale yellowish green with seven or sometimes five elliptic leaflets 

 from 6 to 7 centimetres long and slightly pubescent on the veins beneath at maturity ; fruit usually four-, rarely three-seeded. 



In addition to the forms here described the following forms of Sambucus canadensis have been previously distinguished : 



Sambucus canadensis, var. laciniata, Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Am. i. pt. u. 9 (1884). 



Leaves bipinnate, usually with three pairs or sometimes with four pairs of primary segments, the lower leaves five-foliolate or 

 rarely three-foholate, on slender petioles sometimes 1.5 centimetres long, the upper leaflets undivided or sometimes trifoliate, the 

 leaflets glabrous beneath, elliptic-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, cuneate at the base. 



Florida : Indian River, E. Palmer, 1874 (type). 



The type specimen preserved in the Gray Herbarium has the leaflets very narrow, about 1 centimetre broad, only a few attun- 

 ing 1.5 centimetres in width, while a co-type in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanic Garden has the leaflets from 1 5 to " 5 

 s broad. This variety has some resemblance to the bipinnate forms of Sambucus Simpsonii, particularly as it is gla- 



Sambucus 



; always four-celled. 



mperflorens, Schwerin, Mitt. Deutsche Dendr. Gesell. 1909 36 

 Sambucus semperflorens, Bernhardi, Hamburg'. Gart. Blumenzeit. ii. 488 (as synonym) (1847) 

 Flowering late in summer a second time or, in wet sea 





