TREES AND SHRUBS. 



i very distinct, but there a 



dch are intermediate between them, so that it is diff 'Cult to A 

 i forms these intermediate forms should be referred. The first of these forms, as the f %dt a^e 

 i Wangenheim's figure, must be considered the type of the species. The fruit is oval, narrowed and rounded at the ^ 

 acute at the apex, usually from 2.5 to 3 centimetres long and about 1.5 centimetres in diameter. The involucre is from 2 to 25 

 millimetres thick and occasionally one of the sutures remains closed. The nut is oblong, slightly flattened, rounded at th\? base 

 acute or acuminate and four-angled at the apex, the ridges extending for one-third or rarely for one-half of its length, from 2 to' 

 2.5 centimetres long and about 1.5 centimetres in diameter. The shell is usually about 1 millimetre thick. This description I 

 taken from the fruit of a tree growing on Collin Brook in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Trees with fruit of this form appeal 

 to be rare, and I have only seen specimens of the Collin Brook tree and of one from Haverford, also in Delaware County 

 from Staten Island, Mt. Morris and Rochester, New York, Great Falls, District of Columbia, Highlands, North Carolina, Mb! 

 sionary Ridge near Chattanooga, Tennessee, Thompson, McDuffee County, Georgia (coll. H. H. Bartlett), Olney, Illinois, Allen- 

 ton and Webb City, Missouri. On the Staten Island, Missionary Ridge and Allenton trees the nuts are less pointed than on 

 the others. The description and figure of Hicoria microcarpa in Britton & Brown's Illustrated Flora of the Northern States and 

 Canada (i. 486, f. 1157), and reproduced with the same name in Britton & Shafer's N. Am. Trees (236, f. 193), seems to repre- 

 sent the type of Carya ovalis. 



For a variety with globose or nearly globose or short-oblong fruit and angled nuts I think it will be safe to take up Muehlen- 

 berg's name of obcordata, as it is the only variety with nuts which are sometimes distinctly obcordate, although this is by no 

 means a constant character. This form is common in the region best known to Muehlenberg. The synonymy of this variety is 



Juglans obcordata, Muehlenberg & Willdenow, Neue Schrift. Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iii. 392 (not Poiret) (1801). — Willdenow 

 Spec. iv. 458. 



Juglans porcina, a obcordata, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 638 (1814). — W. P. C. Barton, Compend. Fl. Phila. ii. 180. —Watson, 

 Dendr. Brit. ii. 167, t. 167. 



Carya microcarpa, Nuttall, Gen. ii. 221 (in part) (1818). 



Carya porcina, Spach, BkL Ve'g. ii. 178 (not Nuttall) (1834). 



Carya microcarpa, Darlington, Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 264 (in part) (not Nuttall) (1853).— Chapman, Fl. 419. — C. De Candolle, 

 Prodr. xvi. pt.ii. 143. — Gray, Man. ed. 5, 448. 



Hicoria microcarpa, Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. xv. 283 (1888). 



Hicoria glabra, var. odorata, Sargent, Silva N. Am. vii. 167 (in part), t. 354, f. 5, 6, 7, 9 (1895). 



This is the most widely and probably the most generally distributed variety. It is common in southern New England and 

 ranges westward to Wisconsin, southwestern Missouri and eastern Kansas, and southward to Mississippi. The fruit varies from 

 subglobose to short-oblong or to slightly obovate, showing a tendency to pass into that of the other varieties of the species. It 

 varies from 2 to 3 centimetres in diameter, and the involucre, which is from 2 to 5 millimetres thick, splits freely to the base or 

 nearly to the base by narrowly winged sutures, one of them rarely extending only to the middle of the fruit. The nut is usually 

 much compressed, often broadest above the middle, slightly angled sometimes to below the middle, rounded at the base and 

 rounded and often more or less obcordate at the apex. The largest fruit I have seen of this form is from Webb City, Jasper 

 County, Missouri (E.J. Palmer, No. 3500). The nuts are 2.4 centimetres long and wide and 2 centimetres thick, rounded at the 

 ends and very slightly ridged. The walls are thin and the seed correspondingly large. The leaves of this tree are seven-foliolate. 

 It was this form probably which was considered by Audubon to be the Pig Nut Hickory ; see his Birds of America, p. 465, t. 91; 

 ed. octavo i. t. 10. 



For the third form perhaps can be taken Marshall's name of odorata, although it is probable that he included in it some of the 

 other forms, which all grow in eastern Pennsylvania. The name, however, may have been given by him to this variety on account 

 of the strong resinous odor of the inner surface of the fresh involucre of the fruit, which I have not noticed in that of the other 

 forms. The fruit is subglobose or sometimes slightly longer than broad, flattened and usually from 1.3 to 1.5 centimetres in 

 diameter. The involucre varies from 1 to 1.5 millimetres in thickness and splits freely to the base by distinctly winged sutures, 

 The nut is rounded or acute at the base with a short point, rounded at the apex, very slightly or not at all ridged, pale colored, 

 from 1.2 to 1.5 centimetres long and wide and from 1 to 1.2 centimetres thick 

 Cauya OVALIS, var. ODORATA. n. nam. 



>nymy of this variety i 



Juglans alba odorata, Marshall, Arbust. Am. 68 (1785). 



Carya microcarpa, Darlington, Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 264 (in part). Gray, Man. ed. 5, 448 (in part ) 



Hicoria microcarpa, Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. xv. 283 (in part) (18H5). 



Hicoria glabra, var. odorata, Sargent, Silva N. Am. vii. 167 (in part ). t. .',.,1, f. g ( 18061 



The fruit of this variety shows less tendency to vary than that of any of tin- other*, and it may sometime be considered a spe- 

 ies. I have seen, however, in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, large trees of thii ni >P ud of the i fcrietj obcordata standing 

 idebysideandsoexactlyalikeinhabit.branches.oark/f.ii,,-.^,! rbtei I di h them except 



y the larger and smaller fruits with thicker odorless and with thin,, . Eragiul involaci aBei W* 



This variety appears to be less generally distributed then the I onneetieat, '» 



western New York where it is 



