TREES AND SHRUBS. 



^ESCULUS PAVIA, L. 



(Red-flowered Buckeye.) 



iEscuLus Pa via, Linnaeus, Spec. 344 (1753). — Du Roi, Ilarbk. Baumz. i. 41. — Wangenheim, 

 Nordam. Holz. 56. — Barton, Elem. Bot. Appx. 28, 1. 15, f . 3. — Pursh, FL Am. Sept. i. 254. — 

 Elliott, Sk. i. 435.— Loddiges, Bot. Cab. xiii. t. 1257. — Torrey & Gray, FL JST. Am. i. 252 

 (excl. var. £). — Chapman, FL 79. — K. Koch, Dendr. i. 510. — Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 

 ii. 403 (excl. var. a). — Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 386. — Britton & Brown, III. Fl. ii. 402, 

 f. 2385. — Robinson, Gray, Syn. FL N. Am. i. pt. i. 447 (in part, excl. syn.). — Small, FL 

 Southeastern U. S. 739. — Robinson & Fernald, Gray, Man. ed. 7, 560 (in part). — Britton 

 & Shafer, N. Am. Trees, 661, f. 614. — C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. ii. 252, 

 f. 175 c. 



Pavia rubra, Lamarck, III. ii. 407 (in part), t. 273 (1793). — Nouveau Duhamel, iii. 154.— 

 De Candolle, Prodr. i. 592. — Rafmesque, Alsograph. Am. 73. 



^Esculus humilis, Loddiges ex Lindley, Bot. Reg. xii. t. 1018 (1826). 



Pavia Michauxii, Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, ii. 61 (1834) ; Hist. Veg. iii. 32, t. 18 (Pavia 

 rouge on the plate). 



Pavia longiflora, Rafmesque, Alsograph. Am. 72 (1838). 



iEscuLUS Whitleyi of English gardens. 



Leaves five-foliate, their petioles slender, glabrous or puberulous early in the season, from 

 1 to 1.8 decimetres in length; leaflets short-petiolulate, 1 oblong-obovate, acuminate, gradually 

 narrowed and entire at the base, coarsely often doubly serrate above with incurved teeth, slightly 

 pubescent early in the season along the upper side of the midribs and veins, and glabrous or 

 slightly pubescent below, 2 and at maturity thin, lustrous and glabrous, dark green on the upper 

 surface, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, often furnished with conspicuous tufts of axillary 

 hairs, from 8 to 14 centimetres long and from 3 to 4.5 centimetres wide, with thin midribs and 

 from eighteen to thirty pairs of slender primary veins. Flowers in narrow pubescent panicles 

 from 1.2 to 2 decimetres in length, on slender pubescent pedicels; calyx tubular, dark red, 

 puberulous on both surfaces, minutely lobed, the lobes rounded, much shorter than the lighter 

 red petals ; petals connivent, unequal, oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, glandular on the 

 outer surface and on the margins, gradually narrowed below into long slender villose claws ; claws 

 of the lateral petals about as long as or shorter than the calyx, those of the superior pair much 

 longer than the calyx, their blades not more than one-third as large as the blades of the lateral 

 pair ; stamens exserted ; filaments villose like the ovary. Fruit pear-shaped or subglobose, light 

 brown, smooth, usually pitted, generally one- or two-seeded, drooping on slender pedicels ; seeds 

 usually about 2.5 centimetres in diameter, dark chestnut-brown and lustrous, with a small hilum. 



1 The petiolules are often not more than 5 millimetres long, but it is not uncommon to find them of twice that length ; and on 

 the large specimen at Mt. Vernon which, judging by its size and apparent age, may have been planted by Washington, the petio- 

 lules are sometimes 1.5 centimetres in length. 



2 The young leaflets are often entirely glabrous on the lower surface, but occasionally specimens occur on which the lower 

 surface of the midribs and veins is more or less pubescent, and sometimes this pubescence is persistent during the season. 

 The axillary tufts of hairs are by no means constant, and are entirely wanting on many specimens collected by Harbison in Ala- 



