c >. 



4 ORTHOPTERA 



6. Foramina typically open (Plate, Fig. 81 i) 



— Foramina typically linear or shell-shaped (Plate, Fig. 9 or 10) . . . . 

 - . Posterior tibiae with an apical spine on both sides above 8 



Posterior tibiae without apical spines above. (Phasuiid-like in appearance.) . Subfam. Phasmodin.i.. 



8. Prosternum unarmed Subfam. Meconf.min.e. 



— Prosternum armed 'with a pair oj spines or tubercles 9 



i). Pronotum hood-like, posteriorly strongly and acuminately produced ; lateral 



carinae of the pronotum dentate or crenulate (Plate, Fig. 16) . . . Subfam. Phyllophorin/e. 



— Pronotum not hood-like nor posteriorly much produced (Plate, Fig. 15) . Subfam. MecopodinMi. 



10. Anterior tibiae without terminal spines above '> 



— Anterior tibiae u<ith a terminal spine above on the outer side 17 



11 . Antennal scrobae with the margins produced Subfam.PsEUDOPHYLUN.fi. 



— Antennal scrobae with the margins hardly produced i- 



12. Posterior tibiae without apical spines abore Subtam. Sagin.v.. 



— Posterior tibiae with an apical spine above on one or both sides 1 3 



i3. Posterior tibiae with an apical spine only on the outer side above .... Subfam.TYMPAN0PH0RiN.fi. 



— Posterior tibiae with an apical spine on both sides above or only on the inner side 14 



14. Fore and middle tibiae armed with short or medium spines i5 



— Fore tibiae, or both fore and middle tibiae, armed with long spines, decreasing 



in length towards the apex Subfam. LlSTROSCEl in.e. 



1 5. All the femora unarmed beneath, rarely the posterior ones armed on the outer 



side, sometimes 011 both sides. (Size usually smaller.) Subfam. Conocei'Halin.t. 2). 



— All the femora usually spiued beloiv, rarely the posterior ones armed only on 



the outer side, in 'which case the fastigium of the vertex is either forked or 

 extented considerably beyond the basal segment of the antenna. (Usually 

 larger.) 16 



16. Fastigium of the vertex usually noticably narrower than the basal segment 



of the antenna, sometimes dorsally silicate Subfam. AGRfiClNfi. 



— Fastigium of the vertex usually distinctly broader than the basal segment of 



the antenna, never silicate Subfam. Copiphorin.e 2). 



17. First joint of the posterior tarsus with a free plantula beneath (Plate, F ig. 5). Subfam. I >ec thin 1 . 



— First joint of the posterior tarsus without a free plantula. or with a very 



short one Subfam. PHASGONURiN.fi. 



18. Posterior tarsi 'with the third joint shorter than the second; anterior and 



posterior tibiae with an apical spine above on botli sides Subfam. Brauyporin.v:. 



— Posterior tarsi with the third joint longer than the second ; anterior tibiae with 



an apical spine above on the inner side, the posterior tibiae without an 



apical spine above on the outer side 19 



1 cj. Antennae inserted between the lower margins of the eyes (Plate, Fig. 2j. 

 Pronotum unarmed. Both sexes winged Anterior tibiae with an apical 

 spine above on the outer side. Posterior tibiae with four apical spurs beloiu. Subfam . EFHlPPlGERIN.fi. 



— Antennae inserted distinctly below the eyes. Pronotum spiued . Female apterous. 



i) I fo low Hrunner in the use of the foramina in this connection. They do not constitute a desirable diagnostic character at this place as each 

 alternate countains a number of forms which really fall under the opposite. 



2) The laws of nomenclature necessitate the relegation of the genera Xifhidion and Anisoptera to the synonymy under Conocephaltts. This 

 unfortunate but unavoidable change results in the old subfamily Conocephalin.-e being renamed Copiphoriras, while the subfamily Xiphidina? is to be now 

 known as Conocephalina?. 



