2 78 APPENDIX. 



bone in the region between the alveolar process, in the 

 region of the last molar, and the angle thickened at once 

 by the insertions of the masseter and of the pterygoid. Of 

 the four skulls one only fails to find a lower jaw which 

 will in any way admit of coadaptation to it, and this skull 

 being exaggeratedly dolichocephalous as well as of much 

 larger size and proportions than the other three, may very 

 well be supposed to have belonged to one of the attacking 

 and not to one of the attacked tribe ; for I apprehend that 

 in massacres, at least of Bushmen, the killing is not usually 

 all on one side. The " reports," indeed, both of their 

 enemies and of their friends, assure us that a Bushman at 

 bay is a foe by no means to be despised, and that, though 

 little, he is fierce. And I can say for those three crania 

 that their tout ensemble, as compared with that of Abantu 

 skulls placed alongside of them, impresses me with the 

 same kind of feeling which, after detailed measurements, 

 I have felt in comparing the crania of Lapps with those 

 of races such as the Finns living close to them. They 

 appear to me, in fact, to indicate that their owners were 

 of a smaller race than the owners of the skulls beside 

 them, though the Bushman is not always a mere dwarf, 

 as is sometimes stated. The feebleness of the two humeri, 

 and even more notably of the fragment of ulna, and the 

 small size of the cervical vertebrae, and of one of the 

 two scapulae accompanying these bones, tells in the same 

 direction, but does not prove feebleness of mind. 



For purposes of comparison with these three presum- 

 ably Bushman crania, I have had three other crania at 

 hand from the University Museum, of the genuineness of 

 which there can be little doubt. One of these was pre- 

 sented to the University Museum by the late and much- 

 lamented Dr. W. H. J. Bleek, to whose labours 1 in eluci- 

 dating the language and rescuing the folklore of the Bush- 



1 See his two Reports concerning his Researches into the Bushman Lan- 

 guage and Customs and Folklore, presented to both Houses of Parliament of 

 the Cape of Good Hope, by command of his Excellency the Governor, 1873 

 and 1875, and 'Journal Anthrop. Inst.,' 1871. 



