ENTOMOLOGY. 339 



country south of the Atlas Range, as far as the Great 

 Desert, and including Morocco ; 3. Senegambia ; 4. The 

 coast of Guinea ; 5. Congo ; 6. The Cape of Good Hope ; 

 7. Madagascar ; 8. The islands of Mauritius and Bourbon. 



In the more recent works of Mr. Wallace on the geo- 

 graphical distribution of animals we find that (with the excep- 

 tion of the whole of North Africa — including the northern 

 half of Egypt — which is, like the northern half of Arabia, 

 united with the Mediterranean sub-region and regarded as 

 a portion of the primary Polar Arctic region) the remainder 

 of Africa, south of the tropic of Cancer, is constituted into a 

 primary region, to which the name of "Ethiopian" has been 

 applied, and in which the zoological productions are of a 

 remarkably homogeneous character. Of this Ethiopian 

 region the portion which extends on the western side of the 

 continent, between the rivers Gambia and Congo, and conse- 

 quently embracing Guinea and the Gold Coast, and reaching 

 as far as 25° East long., is of a distinct character, being 

 occupied by dense forests. To this sub-region the name of 

 " West African " has been applied. Another sub-region, 

 the " South African," is formed of that part of the continent 

 south of the tropic of Capricorn, but extending northwards 

 along the east coast as far as Mozambique. 



The remainder of Africa, from the tropic of Cancer 

 to the river Gambia on the west coast, and including 

 Senegambia, Timbuctoo, South Egypt, Abyssinia, the 

 eastern half of Africa (including the great lakes and 

 Zanzibar), and reaching from Mozambique on the east to 

 Angola, Benguela, and Damara Land on the west coast, 

 is considered as forming a third sub-region, to which the 

 inappropriate name of " East Africa " has been applied. 

 It is in the south-eastern portion of this third sub-region 

 that the collection of insects formed by Mr. F. Oates was 

 obtained. 



The surface of all this sub-region is described by Mr. 

 A. R. Wallace as " generally open, covered with a vege- 

 tation of high grasses or thorny shrubs, with scattered 

 trees and isolated patches of forest in favourable situa- 

 tions. The only parts where continuous forests occur are 



