23 



The oil consists almost entirely of d-pinene. The main fraction, finally boiling at 156-157°, had 

 the sp. gr. HI 0-8629 ; [a] D = + 41-2° at 18. 



For the identification of the pinene, the following derivatives were prepared : — Pinene nitroso- 

 chloride (m.p. 103°), and from the nitrosopinene (m.p. 128-129°) further terpin hydrate, as well as pinene 

 monohydrochloride (m.p. 121-124°). 



Besides pinene, the oil contains small amounts of cineol, which was recognised by the behaviour of 

 the higher boiling fractions toward iodol and bromine. 



From the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus lesvopinea they obtained 0-66 per cent, of a reddish oil, having 

 the sp. gr. 0-8732. The following fractions were collected : — 157-164°, 60 per cent.; 164-72°, 28 per cent. 

 Just as the foregoing oil consists almost entirely of d-pinene, this oil consists almost entirely of 1-pinene. 

 The fraction boiling at 157-158°, which can probably be considered as fairly pure pinene, had the sp. gr. 

 - 8626 at f£° and [a]p = - 48-63°. The same derivatives of the pinene were prepared as with the 

 foregoing oil. This oil likewise only contains small amounts of cineol. 



Operculum. — la the type form the pointed, even acuminate, operculum is 

 associated with a globular narrow-rimmed fruit. In northern specimens {e.g., 

 E. semicorticata, F.v.M.), the pointed operculum is associated with a broad-rimmed 

 fruit. In the variety Muelleriana the rounded (sometimes nearly hemispherical) 

 operculum is associated with a broad, sometimes very broad, -rimmed fruit, and 

 there is a very considerable amount of variation. 



Stamens. — The filaments often turn red. The dark colour of the stamens 

 has already been referred to in B.F1. hi, 208. They are, however, not noticed in 

 fresh specimens, but the colour deepens with age. 



Fruits. — Smith's original description refers simply to " fructu globoso," an 

 expression which is not appropriate to the broad-rimmed forms. Smith's specimens 

 were in all probability collected in the vicinity of Port Jackson, and are our Form 2, 

 Plate 4, to which the term globular or pilular, as applied to the fruits, is especially 

 appropriate. 



Bentham (B.F1. iii, 208) speaks of the fruit as "semi-globose or sub-globose, 

 truncate . . . the rim rather broad," &c. At page 190 he says, " Fruit rim 

 usually broad and flat." Mueller speaks of the fruit as " semi-ovate or almost 

 truncate-ovate," and figures (Eucalyptographia) a broad-rimmed form. He adds, 

 "the systematic name for this species is not happily chosen." Again (loc. cit.), 

 " Whereas the globular fruit of E. pilularis, as aptly described in the Linnean 

 Transactions of 1797, would not apply to that species as now understood, but to 

 E. piperita of the present day." 



Mueller was not familiar with the typical pilularis, and his mistaken 

 reference to E. piperita will be dealt with when that species is under review. 



The fact is that E. pilularis displays very considerable variation in regard to 

 the rim. It may be thin (narrow) or broad, and the absolutely imperceptible way 

 in which the various forms run into each other is brought out in the drawings 



