139 

 E. oeeidentalis has two forms, a shrubby and a tree form. 



In the shrubby state several stems originate from one root, but they may attain 20 feet in height ; 

 in favourable localities, such as sheltered valleys with better soil and on banks of streams, a tree rising to 

 120 feet. (Mueller, "Eucalyptographia.") 



Oldfield records this species as flowering already when only 3-4 feet high on sand-ridges, but where 

 probably the bushes were previously burnt to the root (ibid.). (This surmise is not correct in many cases, 

 as it naturally flowers in quite a small stage, and not merely on shoots emerging from a burnt stump. — 



j.h.m.> 



E. redunca (see Part XXXIV) has also a shrubby and a tree form, and other 

 species could be cited. 



Following is a translation : — 



This species takes on a strongly polymorphic habit. As a shrub it often flowers freely ; it has been 

 observed with a sub-terete peduncle or with broadly flattened pedicels sometimes shortened and displaying 

 other variations. 



We have seen the tree 8 metres high, with ash-coloured bark, glaucous, rather narrow leaves, glands 

 (when dry) showing dark dots, peduncles scarcely dilated, somewhat spreading. In the Avon district 

 near Wyola in open scrub, flowering in October (D. 5023). Diels and Pritzel in Engler's Jahrb., XXXV. 9 

 U2 (1905). 



Later on Dr. Diels said : — 



In Eucalyptus it is also not rare that trees and shrubs of the same species grow and flower nearly 

 side by side. Dr. Pritzel and I observed this in the plains west of the Stirling Range in the case of 

 E. oeeidentalis • we saw trees 20 metres high in full flower, and also shrubs little more than 1 metre high 

 were in full flower; they grew on soil rather more compact than the trees. (L. Diels ••' Jugendformen and 

 Blutenreife.") 



What appeared to be a dwarf form of the " Flat-topped or Swamp Yate" I 

 found on the descent from the Porongorups foot-hills to the Kalgan Plains, and bearing 

 the local name " Bastard Yate." It consists of thickly disposed saplings of 10-15 

 feet, very tough, used locally as whip handles. With Mallee-like stocks, and the foliage 

 and twigs with a slightly glaucous look. This would be an intermediate form. 



The true Yate is E. cornuta Labill. It is sometimes called " Black or Hill Yate" 

 in contradistinction to the " White or Swamp Yate," which is E. oeeidentalis . The 

 branches of the latter are whiter than those of the Black Yate. 



The term " Flat-topped Yate " is not in use at the Porongorups, so far as I 

 could ascertain. It is, however, coming into use as applied to the Mallet Bark tree, 

 although the Swamp Yate is flat-topped also. The term " Flat-topped Yate" is in 

 use for E- oeeidentalis in other parts of the State. 



" Mr. Muir noted a variety of Yate which has the mass of its foliage flat-topped " 

 (Mueller in " Forest Resources of Western Australia," p. 8). Perhaps he simply meant 

 the " Flat-topped Yate" (oeeidentalis). The name Yate as applied to more than one 

 species has caused some confusion. Mueller, in " Eucalyptographia," calls E. oeei- 

 dentalis the " Flat-topped Yate," but apparently in the passage just quoted he looked 

 upon E. cornuta as having a flat-topped form, but I did not see, nor could I hear of such 

 a form of E. cornuta^ , . 



