;s&^S& 





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328 



THE TREATY OF COMMERCE 



brazil-wood, urzela, diamonds, gold-dust, gun- 

 powder, and tobacco, in the form of snuff." I 

 hope that ere long the system of gradual reform 

 will reach these monopolies, and that the trade 

 in the articles which they comprise will be 

 thrown open. 



Article 10th. " British subjects resident in 

 the Portuguese dominions shall be permitted to 

 nominate special magistrates to act for them as 

 judges-conservator." This privilege is not con- 

 ceded to the Portuguese residing in Great Bri- 

 tain, and has therefore been complained of. 

 Every Portuguese well knows the dreadful state 

 of the courts of justice in all the dominions of 

 his sovereign, and how extremely difficult it is 

 to obtain redress under any grievance. He 

 must be aware of the advantages which may be 

 obtained by being personally acquainted with 

 the magistrate before whom a cause is to be 

 agitated. If this is the case (and that it is, 

 speaking generally, no one will deny) in causes 

 among themselves, how much more necessary is 

 it that some protection should be afforded to 

 foreigners, who cannot have opportunities of 

 using undue influence ; and besides, where the 

 decision depends entirely upon one man, he will 

 probably be inclined to favour his own country- 

 men. " The acknowledged equity of British 

 jurisprudence, and the singular excellence of 

 the British Constitution," as the same article of 



