MIMICBY. 121 



hard to catch." * Prof. Mcintosh, with reference to the absence 

 of the cortex of the brain in fishes, observes, " Who has proved 

 that the function of memory depends on the brain-cortex of the 

 human subject ? I have seen many a curious case in the patho- 

 logical room, the history of which would not have have led us to 

 this conclusion."! According to Livingstone, the Hippopotamuses 

 in the rivers of Londa, where they are much in danger of being 

 shot, gain wit by experience ; for while those in the Zambesi put 

 up their heads openly to blow, those referred to keep their noses 

 among water-plants, and breathe so quietly that one would not 

 dream of their existence in the river, except by footprints on the 

 banks." \ In the Leeba, Crocodiles possess more of the fear of 

 man than in the Leeambye. The Balonda have taught them by 

 their poisoned arrows to keep out of sight. " We did not see one 

 basking in the sun." § Nansen remarks : — " Curiously enough, one 

 can, as a rule, get nearer to the Seal with the larger vessel than with 

 the boats. They have learned to fear the latter, and often take 

 to the water quite out of range, while one can sometimes bring the 

 ship right up to the floe on which they lie before they decamp." || 

 On the solitary St. Paul's Rocks, situated between the equatorial 

 coasts of Africa and South America, Sir C. Wyville Thomson, 

 at the visit of the 'Challenger,' writes: "In the morning both 

 the Booby and the Noddy were quite tame, but towards afternoon 

 even these few hours' contact with humanity had rendered them 

 more wary, and it was now no longer possible to knock them 

 down with sticks or stones." II Semon had a similar experience 

 in Queensland. " On removing my camp to new hunting-grounds, 



* ' Fortnightly Keview,' April, 1894. — A curious instance of intelligence 

 in fish is given by Frank Buckland. He was told, on good authority, that 

 the Salmon in the Seame always jump at the weir at 11 o'clock on Sunday 

 morning when they hear the church bells ring. Of course that is not the 

 cause of their activity, "but it so happens that on Sunday morning, the mills 

 being shut down, the water comes down over the weirs in greater abundance 

 than on any other day of the week ; the Salmon find this out, and, like wise 

 fish, make the best of their time in endeavouring to get over the weir " 

 (' Life of Frank Buckland,' by Bompas, 2nd edit., pp. 156-7). 



f ' Journ. Mental Science,' April, 1898. 



I ' Mission. Travels and Researches in S. Africa,' p. 242. 



§ Ibid. p. 273. 



|| ' First Crossing of Greenland,' Eng. transl., new edit., p. 85. 



1T 'Voyage of the Challenger.' — The Atlantic, vol. ii. p. 103, 



