114 



and Tarcowie to Mt. Remarkable ; thence southerly by the Bluff and Ferguson's Range to the Broughton ; 

 and south-westerly to the east shore of Spencer's Gulf, crossing the Gulf to Franklin Harbour ; and thence 

 north-westerly to the west end of the Gawler Ranges ..." 



The line as shown in plate is practically identically the same as the one put on the 

 map by Mr. Goyder in 1865. 



The generally accepted idea in South Australia (says Mr. W. J. SpafEord, who 

 kindly supplied the above information) of how Mr. Goyder decided on this line of 

 demarcation between farming lands and purely pastoral lands was that he followed the 

 line of saltbush, but from his own stating of the position, it was rather the defining of 

 the line above which the 1865 drought was very severe. As it happens, Goyder's Line 

 does follow the edge of our saltbush country, and remarkably close to it all the way. 

 Mr. Spafford goes to on say : — ■ 



" Goyder's Line " may be described somewhat as follows, regarding present-day towns : — 



Commencing at the point of junction between 141° long, and 35" lat., the " line " travels a little 

 north of west, past the Kringm Railway Siding, crossing the Paringa railway line about midway between 

 Wanbi and Mindarie, then crosses the Waikerie railway line at Galga, and the River Murray at Swan 

 Reach. From here it takes a more northerly course, crossing the Morgan railway line at Sutherlands, 

 to a point about 4 miles east of Robertstown, and then travels almost due north, passing about 7 miles 

 east of Burra, to a point about 9 miles east of Hallett. Now taking a north-westerly course it passes 

 through Terowie to Morchard, keeping about 4 miles to the west of Peterborough. At Morchard it turns 

 abruptly and for about 16 miles travels a little west of south, then turns sharply to the noith-west for 

 about 16 miles to a point just south of Melrose on the Wilmington railway line. The " line " then travels 

 almost directly south to Crystal Brook and takes a south-west curve to Moonta Bay, passing just north 

 of the town of Moonta. 



Commencing again on Eyre's Peninsula at Point Gibbon, it takes a north-westerly direction, crossing 

 the Kiniba railway line at a point about midway between Rudall and Kielpa, then the Cape Thevenard 

 railway line at Kyancutta, and again between Wudinna, and Yaninee, and continues on the north of, and 

 almost parallel to, this railway line to a point about 7 miles above Mudamuckla Railway Siding. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES 292-295. 



PLATE 292. 



Griffith Taylor's Key Map to his 15 Rainfall Regions (Climographs), 1918. [See text, this work, 

 Part LXVI, p. 239.] 



PLATE 293. 



Map of New South Wales showing : — 



1. The curvimg boundary of Eucalyptus aliens; 



2. The wheat limits, 1904-1922 ; and 



3. The 10-inch rainfall line, April to October (after H. A. Smith). 



PLATE 294. 



Map of Victoria showing the localities of Eucalyptus aliens. 



PLATE 295. 



Map of South Australia, after Map p. 498, Gregory's " Australasia," Vol. I, showing the localities 

 of Eucalyptus albens, viz., Laura, Wirrabara and Mount Remarkable. Also Goyder's Line of Rainfall. 



