yO REPORT OF THE 



Balsam. 

 Balsam is used chiefly for pulp, being cut only in small quantities for saw timber 

 on account of its inferiority and small size. Cutting to four inches at the upper end, 

 8 trees = i cord of pulpwood. 



Hemlock. 



Hemlock is cut mostly into lumber. It is used to some extent for railroad ties 

 and a small amount is now cut for pulpwood. It is difficult to estimate the lumber 

 in standing trees on account of the shake to which the timber is subject. Hemlock 

 trees are very variable. 



In New York, 5 trees = lOOO feet, B. M. 



In Pennsylvania, 2}4 to 3 trees = 1000 feet, B. M. 



In Wisconsin, 3 to 4 trees = lOOO feet, B. M. 



Piilpzvood. 

 4 to 8 trees = i cord. 



I tall tree, 18 inches inside the bark = i cord. 



Cedar. 

 The thickest cedars are used for shingle bolts, the longest for telegraph poles. 

 The smallest stuff is used as fence posts. For railroad ties cedar is objectionable 

 as it does not hold the spikes well. 



Shingle Bolts. 

 6 trees = i cord. 



Telegraph Poles. 



Diameter at top, 4 to 8 inches, and sound. 



Length = 25 to 40 feet. 



Fenee Posts. 

 Length = 6 feet. 



Birch. 



In a general way birch will run about as follows: — Cutting only trees 12 inches 



and over at the base, 



6 trees = 1000 feet, B. M. 



8 trees, cutting to 10 inches at the base == 1000 feet, B. M. 



I tree =^ l)^ logs, 16 feet long. 



Mafle. 



Maple is very much subject to defects and is, therefore, difficult to estimate. 



Cutting to a 12-inch diameter limit, 



8 trees = 1000 feet, B. M. • 



I tree = i^ logs, 16 feet long. 



