FOREST, FISH AND GAME COMMISSION. 



313 



wtonC-rollcr, — Campostoma anouialuvi (Rafinesque). 



The genus Campostoma contains three or four species, only one of which is found 

 east of the Mississippi, and that species is known variously as Stone-roller, Stone- 

 lugger, Stone-toter, Steel-back Minnow, Mammy, Dough-belly, Rot-gut Minnow, 

 Sucker Minnow, and doubtless by other names. From all other minnows of the 

 eastern United States or the Mississippi Valley it may be known by the small 

 sucker-like mouth and the remarkably long intestine which is wound with many 

 turns around the air-bladder. This last character is unique ; no other fish in our 

 waters possesses it. The intestine is exceedingly long, usually from 6 to 10 times 

 as long as the fish itself. The air-bladder is suspended in the abdominal cavity and 

 entirely surrounded by many convolutions of the intestine. 



The length of the head comprises about one-fourth the standard length of the 

 fish (that is, the length from the tip of the snout to the base of the caudal fin) ; the 

 depth is a little greater than the length of the head ; there are 8 rays in the dor- 



STONE-ROLLER. 



sal fin and 7 in the anal; the scales are thin and moderate in size, there being 53 in 

 the lateral line, 7 rows between the lateral line and the base of the dorsal fin, and 8 

 between the lateral line and base of the anal ; these three facts are expressed more 

 concisely by saying scales 7-53-8. The pharyngeal teeth are 4-4, sometimes 1,4-4,0. 

 Body rather stoutish, moderately compressed, the antedorsal region becoming 

 swollen and prominent in the adult ; snout moderately decurved ; scales deep, and 

 crowded anteriorly ; maxillary not reaching to opposite front of eye. 



Color, brownish or grayish, with a brassy luster above, the scales more or less 

 mottled with dark brown or blackish ; a dusky vertical bar behind the opercle ; 

 dorsal and anal fins each with a dusky cross-bar about half way up, the rest of the 

 fin olivaceous in females, fiery red in the males in the spring ; iris orange in the 

 males; males in spring with the head and often the whole body covered with large 



