Miles and 

 Kilometres. 



38-83 m. Hamilton. — Alt. 253 ft. (76-9 m.). On 

 62-1 km. leaving Hamilton, the railway at once begins 

 the ascent of the Niagara cuesta. In a dis- 

 tance of five miles (8 km.) an elevation of 383 

 feet (114-7 m.) is attained. The formations 

 exposed in the face of the cuesta are in ascending 

 order as follows: — 



Richmond — Red shales, covered largely by talus. 

 Cataract — Basal sandstone and overlying lime- 

 stones and shales. Quarries near 

 the inclined railway at the head of 

 Wentworth street are in the basal 

 sandstone. 

 Medina — Mottled and white sandstones. Not 



observable from train. 

 Clinton — Limestones and shales. fThin and 

 Rochester — Shales. I doubtfully 



( present. 

 Lockport (Niagara) — Dolomites. Seen in cut 



near top of grade. (See 

 guide book, Excursion 

 B 3 .) 

 From the left-hand windows, a glimpse may 

 be had of the splendid fruit lands which extend, 

 under the protection of the cuesta, from Hamil- 

 ton to the Niagara river. 



44-98 m. Rymal. — Alt. 644ft. (195-7 m.). AtRymal, 

 71-9 km. the railway has reached the level of the upland: 

 differences in elevation are slight between this 

 point and Lake Erie. Extensive quarries in the 

 Niagara dolomite were formerly operated near 

 Rymal. 



55-03 m. Caledonia. — Alt. 652 ft. (198-2 m.). In the 



88 • 05 km. short distance between Rymal and Caledonia 



the Niagara-Guelph and the Guelph-Salina 



contacts are crossed, but the heavy mantle of 



drift permits of no exposures being seen. 



An important gypsum quarry has been sunk 

 to a depth of 80 feet (24-4 m.) in the Salina 



35065—6 



