23 



boro was made fifty years ago, and another survey made 

 during the past year shows an annual recession of 1.62 

 feet per annum. The boulders from the boulder clay 

 remain at the base of the cliff, when not removed by man, 

 and the interglacial sands when washed by the waves on 

 the shore show thin sheets of red garnet or black magnetite. 



The interglacial clay rising about 85 feet above the lake 

 has certain well marked features. It is often well strati- 

 fied in laminae running from a fraction of an inch to two 

 or three inches in thickness, though there are a few layers 

 three or four feet thick in which the bedding is indistinct 

 or wanting. Where typically bedded each lamina consists 

 of a darker layer of fine gray clay, and a paler part of a 

 silty nature. Often the silty part widens and contains more 

 or less peaty matter with mica scales. Occasionally the 

 peaty bands expand to half an inch or an inch in thickness, 

 and rarely twigs or small bits of wood are found. Every 

 few feet in the section shows a thin sheet of impure siderite 

 which stands the weather better than the rest of the beds 

 and is broken on the beach into flat shingly pebbles, which 

 slowly oxidise to limonite. The iron ore and the peaty 

 layers make distinctive features by which this interglacial 

 clay is easily recognized. It burns to a red brick. 



From the peaty matter mosses, bits of leaves and bark, 

 seeds and parts of beetles may be obtained, by washing 

 away the clay, drying the peat and examining it with a lens. 

 The late Dr. Scudder, of Harvard University, determined 

 seventy-two species of beetles from materials obtained here, 

 the list being as follows : 



FAUNA OF COOIv CUM ATE, CHlFFLY FROM SCARBORO. 



Arthropoda (almost wholly beetles) : 

 Carabidae (9 gen. 34 sp.). 

 Elaphrus irregularis. 

 Loricera glacialis. 

 " lutosa. 

 " exita. 

 Nebria abstracta. 

 Bembidium glaciatum. 

 Haywardi. 

 vestigium, 

 vanum. 



