27 



is well disclosed by numerous gravel pits. The road then 

 climbs the Iroquois shore cliff to the gently rolling upland 

 of boulder clay. At stop 32 a lane leads south from King- 

 ston road past a Topographical Survey tower to the edge of 

 the cliff, a distance of about three-quarters of a mile. The 

 highest point on the actual shore of lake Ontario is reached 

 a short distance to the east. From this point, 355 feet 

 above the lake, there is a steep descent, mostly through a 

 small growth of trees to the shore. The section described 

 above is shown in bare cliffs on each side of the path, a 

 sheet of boulder clay, followed by stratified clay and sand, 

 another sheet of boulder clay, succeeded by silty sand with 

 its upper layers crumpled by the advancing ice, a third com- 

 paratively thin sheet of boulder clay with cross-bedded sand 

 beneath it, and a fourth boulder clay resting on the eroded 

 sand beds of the great interglacial formation, under which 

 the peaty clay extends to the shore of lake Ontario. 

 The section has been worked out as follows : 



Feet. A 



Boulder clay, No. 5 48 



Stratified sand and clay 36 



Boulder clay, No. 4 32 , ,., (||| ( , h 



Silty sand, upper layers crumpled 25 ^^ foof F ' 



Boulder clay, No. 3 9 



Cross-bedded sand 29 



Boulder clay, No. 2 24 



203 feet. 



J 



Scarboro Interglacial r Sand .... 59 \ Above level of lake 

 beds I Peaty clay 92 / Ontario, 151 ft. 



Don beds (unios and ( Peaty clay 5 "1 Below level of lake 



wood) t 36 J Ontario, 41 ft. 



Boulder clay, No. 1 



Lorraine shale 



Total Pleistocene beds 395 



A walk of less than a mile westwards along the beach 

 brings one to the " Dutch Church," where an interglacial 

 river valley has been filled with the second boulder clay fol- 

 lowed by stratified glacial clay. The gradual rise of the 

 boulder clay on each side of the fossil valley is well ex- 

 posed. 



