3ii 



During the epoch of Vashon glaciation, the Vashon 

 drift was deposited largely by ice alone, but doubtless in 

 part by water. The Vashon galciers were smaller than those 

 of the Admiralty period, for the Vashon drift rests directly 

 upon the hard glaciated rocks in the upland regions only, 

 since the piedmont glaciers, which over-rode the lowland, 

 were unable to remove the covering of inter-glacial deposits, 

 eroding merely portions of these deposits. 



To judge from the absence of moraines of Vashon drift, 

 the retreat of the Vashon glaciers must have been fairly 

 rapid. Nevertheless the Colwood delta was doubtless 

 formed at the front of one or more of the retreating glaciers, 

 presumably in salt water. This delta has since been up- 

 lifted about 250 feet (80 m.). 



Particular Descriptions. 



Excursion C 1. (First Day). 



From the Empress hotel the route of the excursion lies 

 along the shore south of Victoria to Oak bay and across 

 the cities of Oak Bay and Victoria, stops being made at 

 various points of interest. 



Locality 1. — Contact shatter-breccia of Wark gabbro- 

 diorite gneiss and Saanich granodiorite, cut by complex 

 of diorite porphyrite dykes. Minor faulting. Glacial scour- 

 ing, roches moutonnees, deep grooves, and stria tions. 

 General view of contraposed shore-line. 



Locality 2. — Good view to the east of an irregular 

 rocky (contraposed) shore line. Hard rocks overlain by 

 retrograded Vashon drift and Maywood clays. 



Locality 3. — Contact complex and shatter breccia 

 of Vancouver meta-andesite, Wark gabbro-diorite gneiss, 

 and Saanich granodiorite. Aplitic apophyses with quartz 

 segregations and quartz veinlets. Hybridism. Breccia 

 foliated and slightly faulted. Glacial grooving and stria- 

 tion. East to Clover point, submaturely retrograded 

 portion of shore line. Clover point, hard rock headland 

 showing beginning of contraposition. 



Locality 4. — Between 3 and 4 pre-Glacial lowland 

 covered by Maywood clays with a thin mantle of Vashon 

 drift and frequent outcrops of Vancouver meta-volcanics. 

 To the south Gonzales hill, altitude 215 feet (65 m.) a 

 monadnock surmounting the lowland. 



