359 



Miles and an j a h a if ( 2 -a km.) east of the railroad. 



Kilometres. ... 



The first is not very distinct, but the second is 

 fairly well marked, and seems to be continued 

 toward the north. In both these instances, 

 the beaches are distinguished rather by their 

 content than by any marked ridge or terrace 

 effect, although this also is to be noticed by 

 careful examination and observation. 



On returning to Ethelbert and crossing that 

 beach toward the west, there is evident a 

 feature which is often to be noticed along 

 these lines, that is, that the ground immediately 

 behind and to the west of the beach is lower than 

 the summit of the beach itself. As the general 

 drainage of the district is toward the east, 

 this results in a stretch of marshy land to the 

 west or upper side of the old beach. In other 

 cases the streams from the west, being deflected 

 by this barrier, flow along parallel to the beach 

 until they reach a gap which has been cut 

 through the old shore line. In this manner 

 the ground to the west is cut still lower, and the 

 ridge appearance of the beach is accentuated. 



One of these streams, a branch of Fork river, 

 is to be noticed as soon as the Ethelbert ridge is 

 crossed. Beyond the valley of this stream, the 

 land rises slowly toward the west for about a mile 

 (i -6 km.), till another and larger beach is met. 

 This beach rises to a height of about 40 feet 

 (12 m.) above the summit of railroad at Ethel- 

 bert. Throughout its length this beach is 

 larger and better marked than the one to the 

 south along which the railroad runs. Like 

 that one also, the ridge — locally termed " the big 

 ridge" — drops off sharply on the western side to 

 the valley cf another branch of Fork river. 

 On the eastern flank the government coloniza- 

 tion road previously mentioned, continues 

 northward. 



One mile (i-6 km.) farther to the west is 

 another beach. Like those to the east of 

 Ethelbert, however, this beach is also marked 

 by a gravel bed of apparent shore origin rather 

 than by a distinct change in elevation. The 



