70 



On approaching Stony Mountain, the hill is seen to 

 the right of the railway. The west and north sides have 

 abrupt faces, while on the south and east the hill slopes 

 gradually away to the plain. 



The Manitoba penitentiary stands on the brow of 

 the hill nearest the railway station, while to the north and 

 east of it are two quarries at present in operation. The 

 magnesian limestones quarried here are of upper Ordo- 

 vician age. 



These quarries may be easily reached from the spur 

 which leaves the railway about a mile north of the station 

 and runs to the front of the quarries. In the quarry 

 belonging to the city of Winnipeg is a good section which 

 shows all the strata outcropping elsewhere over the moun- 

 tain. 



Though the beds are apparently flat, they have a 

 slight dip to the southeast of 2 or 3 degrees. This attitude 

 is in part responsible for the contour of the "mountain," 

 with its sharp face toward the north and west, and gentle 

 slope to the south and east. Glaciation has, however, 

 accentuated this by developing a "crag and tail" topog- 

 raphy by stripping the northern and western fronts and 

 piling the debris thickly in the lee of the hills to the south 

 and east. 



On the top of the mountain glacial material is very 

 scant, varying from a few inches to a few feet in depth. 

 This rests on the upper limestone of the quarries, which, 

 in most cases, shows scored and striated surfaces when 

 freshly stripped. Below this a buff magnesian limestone 

 is quarried for a depth of 12 or 14 feet (3-6 to 4-2 m.), 

 when beds of yellowish brick-like shale are reached. These 

 beds are 14 feet (4-2 m.) in thickness and rest on a reddish 

 shale interlaminated with thin layers of limestone. The 

 various beds exposed in the vicinity of the mountain com- 

 prise the "Stony Mountain" formatiun (3) which is com- 

 posed of three main divisions: (A) an upper magnesian 

 member about 12 feet thick in which the quarries are loca- 

 ted and which contains a very meager fauna including se- 

 veral Beatriceas from the size of a cigar up to four inches 

 in diameter and a foot in length, together with brachio- 

 pods and occasional corals; (B) a middle member about 

 15 feet thick consisting for the most part of a massive yel- 

 low brick-like shale which is almost filled in places with 

 the casts and moulds of corals, bryozoans, brachiopods, 



