70 



Kilometres Slocan district, which is noted for its silver-lead 

 and zinc deposits. (See p. 96). 

 26 m. Castlegar — Alt., 1,418 ft. (432 m). From 



40 km. South Slocan the railway runs west of south, 

 following the right bank of Kootenay river. 

 Castlegar marks the junction of the Columbia 

 and Kootenay rivers which after uniting, flow 

 southwards as the Columbia. 



The Columbia rises in Upper Columbia lake 

 and flows north. The Kootenay, rising just east 

 of the westernmost outer range of the Rockies, 

 enters the same valley nearly abreast of the 

 above lake, the distance between the two being 

 about one and a half miles (2-4 km). The 

 Columbia flows north for about 170 miles 

 (274 km.) to the great bend, then southwards 

 through Upper and Lower Arrow lakes to 

 Castlegar, where it is joined by the Kootenay. 

 The latter, after leaving the source of the Colum- 

 bia, flows southwards into the United States 

 for about 130 miles (209 km). It then takes 

 a westward course turning to the north and 

 empties into Kootenay lake, emerging again as 

 a river just west of Nelson and joining the 

 Columbia at Castlegar. 



ANNOTATED GUIDE (Castlegar to Midway). 



At Castlegar the railway crosses the Columbia 

 and follows the south shore of the river and 

 Lower Arrow lake. The rock types exposed 

 are nearly all members of the Nelson batholith 

 with inclusions of the Rossland group. 

 39 m. Shields — Alt. 2025 ft. (617 m.). The railway 



62 km. gradually ascends in order to reach the divide 

 separating Lower Arrow lake and Christina 

 lake. Shields approximately marks the contact 

 between the rocks of the Nelson batholith 

 and the Rossland alkali-granitic rocks intrusive 

 into the former. From the spur just west 

 of Shields an excellent view is obtained of that 

 portion of the Columbia valley between Robson 

 and Deer Park. 



