83 



Miles and xhc town of Trail lies about 200 feet (61 m.) 



below Smelter at the junction of the Columbia 

 valley and Trail creek. 



ROSSLAND [7]. 

 Introduction. 



Rossland is situated about six miles (9-6 km.) west 

 of Columbia river and five miles (8 km.) north of the Inter- 

 national Boundary. The main avenue of the city is 

 3,410 feet (1,039 m-) above sea level. The city lies on the 

 slopes of Red and Monte Christo mountains towards 

 the head of Trail creek. The immediate surrounding 

 country is characterized by mountains with rounded 

 peaks and gentle, flowing slopes. The city commands 

 a view of Trail Creek gulch, the Columbia valley 2000 feet 

 (609 m.) below, the Selkirk mountains to the east and 

 the ranges in Northern Idaho and Washington to the south. 



The first discovery near Rossland was made on the 

 Dewdney trail in 1887 when the Lily May claim was 

 staked. In 1890 the LeRoi, Centre Star, War Eagle, 

 and other mines were staked on Red mountain, and a 

 small lot of ore was packed out in 1891 and shipped to 

 an American smelter. 



The total production from 1894 to 19 12 inclusive, 

 according to the Provincial Bureau of Mines, amounts to 

 4ii05)358 tons, containing 1,995,589 ounces of gold, 

 3,381,421 ounces of silver and 86,608,170 pounds of copper. 

 The gross value is placed at $55,100,259. 



The principal mines at present are the LeRoi, War- 

 Eagle, Centre Star group, owned and operated by the 

 Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company and the 

 LeRoi No. 2 Company. The greatest depth reached is 

 2,200 feet (670-5 m.) below the surface outcrops, and 

 all ore mined is shipped to Trail for treatment. 



GENERAL GEOLOGY. 



In 1894 I^- G. McConnell made a reconnaissance 

 survey of Rossland for the Geological Survey, and in 

 1905 and 1906, R. W. Brock, assisted by G. A. Young, 

 made detailed geological maps and mine examinations. 



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