232 



KUometres ^e g enera li ze d monocline is deceptively great. 

 Nevertheless, a minimum thickness of 2500 

 metres of Pennsylvanian beds seems to be 

 represented. It is improbable that pre-Penn- 

 sylvanian formations occur in this section. 



122- 1 m. Kamloops — Alt. 1,151 ft. (351 m.) — is another 



207-8 km. important distributing centre for the interior 

 trade of the province. Its location was deter- 

 mined by the confluence of the South Thompson 

 and North Thompson valleys ; the one followed 

 by the existing Canadian Pacific Railway, the 

 other now witnessing the completion of a second 

 transcontinental line (Canadian Northern Rail- 

 way). Since leaving Little Shuswap lake the 

 country has become rapidly drier and Kamloops 

 is the centre of a scattered farming and grazing 

 community largely dependent on irrigation 

 facilities. 



Beyond Kamloops the mile-posts begin a 

 new sequence of numbers; distances will be 

 stated accordingly. 



Just outside the western limit of the town 

 the railway crosses a band of massive traps 

 referable to the Nicola series. These are uncon- 

 formably overlain by low-dipping Tertiary 

 (Oligocene?) lava flows and tuffs, containing 

 the fossiliferous Tranquille sandstones and 

 shales (seep. 149). These can be seen on both 

 sides of the river delta now growing rapidly 

 into Kamloops lake through the activity of 

 the silt-laden river. The Tertiary sediments 

 8 -o m. may be seen, on the left, at Tranquille Siding. 



12-8 km. Just beyond that point the line skirts the 

 long cliff called "Cherry Bluff." The massive 

 rock composing it is a sheared and greatly 

 altered mass of variable, dioritic to monzonitic 

 and even gabbroid nature. The body is 8 kilo- 

 metres long and 4-5 kilometres in maximum 

 width. The lake lies in its major axis and the 

 replica of Cherry Bluff is to be seen in "Battle 

 Bluff" across the water. The granular rock is 

 clearly intrusive into the Nicola traps, which form 

 part of its roof both north and south of the 

 lake. The relation to the Tertiary series is 



