53 



and the granite batholith to the south. The 

 various cuttings show very typical sections of 

 the crystalline limestones and interstratified, 

 rusty-weathering paragneisses. The beds are 

 twisted and contorted often into most fantastic 

 shapes, at the same time being intruded by 

 granitic apophyses, evidently emanating from 

 the batholith, which occurs in close proximity. 

 The limestone is usually very impure, owing 

 mainly to the development in it of various 

 silicates. In many places typical autoclastic 

 structure has been developed by the dislocation 

 of the more brittle gneissic bands, the separated 

 fragments having been carried away from one 

 another in the flowing limestone, which accom- 

 modated itself much more readily to the pro- 

 cesses of stretching and compression. The 

 series becomes more "granitized" on going 

 toward the west, and, as a consequence, the 

 limestone is in part replaced by a characteristic 

 pale greenish pyroxene-gneiss. There are also 

 coarsely crystalline pegmatite veins composed 

 of red or pink feldspar, black mica and calcite. 

 333-27 m. Highland Grove (formerly Deer Lake sta- 

 536-3 km. tion). Alt., 1,233 ft. (375 -8 m.) . . 

 337-57 m. Mumford. Alt., 1,259 ft. (383-7 m.)— A 

 543-2 km. nepheline-bearing rock, which has been exposed 

 in the railway cutting immediately west of the 

 saw-mill at Mumford, forms part of a narow 

 band which here lies on the contact of an almost 

 pure white crystalline limestone with the granite 

 of the Cardiff batholith. The limestone under- 

 lies the wooded area to the north of the railway, 

 while the contact of the nepheline rock with 

 the granite to the south is concealed. by drift. 

 A large included mass of this limestone, however, 

 occurs by the side of the railway to the west of 

 the nepheline rock to which reference has just 

 been made. This nepheline-bearing rock shows 

 a rapid and marked differentiation from place 

 to place. One variety is composed almost en- 

 tirely of salic constituents (chiefly nepheline), 

 while the dark coloured phases consist almost 

 entirely of the ferromagnesian minerals. A 



