H 



this region, in New Brunswick, Ordovician strata are 

 also present, and associated with the sedimentary beds 

 are extrusive and intrusive volcanic rocks and batholitic 

 bodies of Devonian granite. By far the greater part of 

 the region, however, is underlain by marine sediments 

 representing nearly the whole of the Silurian and the lower 

 part of the Devonian systems. In the Gaspe peninsula, 

 are large areas of higher Devonian strata, rich in plant 

 remains. 



As already mentioned, the southeastern portion of 

 the above described region is characterized in New Brun- 

 swick, by the presence with the Silurian and Devonian, of 

 Ordovician strata and of volcanic rocks and large bodies 

 of granite. This bordering zone stretches southwestward 

 through New Brunswick from Chaleur bay to the Maine 

 boundary, a distance of 175 miles (281 km.), and has an 

 average breadth of about 40 miles (65 km.). In the extreme 

 southwest, this complex projects eastward to the Atlantic 

 coast and there has a total width of about 90 miles (145 km.). 

 Presumably this zone of Silurian and older strata and the 

 associated volcanic and plutonic rocks with a breadth 

 of not much less than 100 miles (160 km.), extends to the 

 northeast to the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, but to the 

 northeast not far from the Maine boundary, these rocks, in 

 part disappear beneath a mantle of Carboniferous measures 

 occupying a triangular stretch of low-lying country having 

 an area of about 10,000 square miles (26,000 sq. k.m.). 



The Carboniferous strata of this extensive area, are 

 mainly of Millstone Grit (mid-Carboniferous) age. Except 

 locally along the southern margin, the strata are flat-lying, 

 almost undisturbed. The rocks consist chiefly of sand- 

 stones and shales with relatively thin beds of coal. Along 

 the southern margin of the Carboniferous area, older 

 divisions of the Carboniferous are present and locally are 

 much folded and faulted. This area of undisturbed mea- 

 sures is represented to the east on Prince Edward Island 

 and on the Nova Scotia mainland facing Prince Edward 

 Island, but in this eastern district, the essentially undis- 

 turbed measures are of late Carboniferous and early 

 Permian age. 



The great triangular area of Carboniferous rocks in 

 New Brunswick, is limited, as already stated, on the 

 northwest and on the extreme west and south, by Silurian 

 and older strata associated with and penetrated by volcanic 



