121 



Miles and steeply from the north side of Chaleur bay 



jvilonictrcs. 



to heights of from 1,000 feet to 1,500 feet 

 (300 m. to 450 m.) above the sea. 



The southern coast of the Bay of Chaleur 

 from Dalhousie eastward is low. Inland the 

 country rises very evenly and attains elevations 

 of between 600 feet and 900 feet (180 m. and 

 275 m.) in a distance of between 5 miles and 10 

 miles (8 km. and 16 km.). Farther inland, alti- 

 tudes of 2,000 feet (600 m.) or more are reached 

 and in certain districts the country is very 

 rugged. 



As far eastward as Bathurst, the country to 

 the south of Chaleur bay is mainly underlain by 

 Silurian strata, in places richly fossiliferous. 

 Lower Devonian measures probably occur, while 

 near Bathurst there is a wide area of Ordovician. 

 Various varieties of igneous rocks of plutonic 

 and volcanic types are present. The measures 

 in general are closely folded, in places crenulated, 

 along axes pursuing courses that strike towards 

 the northeast. The strata are also much 

 faulted. Along the sea front is a very narrow, 

 discontinuous fringe of the Bonaventure 

 formation of early Carboniferous or possibly 

 late Devonian age. The Bonaventure measures 

 are flat-lying, almost wholly undisturbed. Their 

 presence in a nearly undisturbed condition, 

 on both sides of the Bay of Chaleur, apparently 

 indicates that this wide, shallow depression 

 originated in Devonian time. 



Leaving Dalhousie Junction the railway 

 runs through a low, wide valley underlain by 

 the horizontal red conglomerates and sand- 

 stones of the Bonaventure formation. On the 

 north side rise the ridges of basic rocks forming 

 Dalhousie mountain. 



The railway presently approaches close to 

 the coast. The narrow fringe of Bonaventure 

 beds continue for about one mile past Charlo. 

 9-9 m. Charlo Station — Alt. 53 ft. (16- 1 m.). Be- 



16-3 km. yond Charlo for a distance of about 12 miles 

 (19 km.), the railway traverses a zone in which 

 Silurian sedimentary strata alternate with areas 



