130 

 ANNOTATED GUIDE. 



NIPISIGUIT JUNCTION TO HALIFAX. 



(G. A. Young.) 



Miles and 

 Kilometres. 



o m. Nipisiguit Junction. — The Intercolonial 



o km. railway about one half mile beyond Nipisiguit 



Junction, crosses Nipisiguit river and enters the 

 great Carboniferous area of New Brunswick. 

 Nearly the whole eastern half of the province, an 

 area of about 10,000 square miles (26,000 sq. 

 km.), is floored by Carboniferous measures. 

 The strata are mainly grey sandstones, and red 

 and grey sandstones and shales, of Millstone 

 Grit (Pottsville) age. The measures over the 

 greater part of the area are nearly horizontal 

 and the land surface is very even, scarcely 

 rising anywhere higher than 500 feet (150 m.) 

 above the sea. 



118-9 m. Moncton. — Alt. 50 ft. (15 m.). Moncton 

 191-3 km. is situated near the southern border of the 

 New Brunswick Carboniferous area, the boun- 

 dary being formed by a series of highlands 

 extending along the coast of the Bay of Fundy. 

 These highlands are underlain by deformed 

 Pre-Cambrian and early Palaeozoic strata 

 associated with great volumes of igneous rocks. 

 Along the southern margin of the Carboniferous 

 area, older divisions of the Carboniferous 

 are exposed in a folded and faulted condition. 



Leaving Moncton the railway for some 

 distance passes through a district of Carboni- 

 ferous strata, in part disturbed, which extend 

 eastward around the northeastern end of the 

 upland of deformed Pre-Cambrian and Palaeo- 

 zoic rocks. After traversing this district, the 

 railway crosses the low-lying Chignecto isthmus 

 which connects New Brunswick with the 

 peninsula of Nova Scotia. The isthmus is 

 underlain by Millstone Grit strata and measures 

 of late Carboniferous or Permian age. The 

 strata lie in wide open folds. 



