223 



Miles and 

 Kilometres. 



4-7 m. Valley Station — Alt. 102 ft. (31 m.). Beyond 



7-6 km. Valley station, rock cuttings in the red Triassic 



occur along the railway and continue on the 



north bank of the river. After passing Valley 



station the river valley narrows. 



6-7 m. Salmon Siding — Salmon Siding is close to 



10-8 km. the eastern end of the Triassic basin. At this 

 point, the contact of the Triassic with the Union 

 formation is excellently shown on the north 

 bank of Salmon river. The steeply dipping 

 Union measures are truncated by a nearly 

 horizontal plane and on them repose the flat- 

 lying Triassic sandstones. 



For a distance of about 4I miles (7-2 km.) 

 east from Salmon Siding, the railway follows 

 the valley of Salmon river ; beyond this point it 

 follows up the valley of Black river, a tributary 

 of Salmon river. From near Salmon Siding 

 eastward to beyond Riversdale these streams 

 are bordered by simple rock and drift terraces. 

 The stream flows in a narrow gorge less than 

 100 feet (30 m.) deep below Union, which 

 becomes shallower up stream. The rock ter- 

 races bordering this gorge are capped by 40 to 

 50 feet (9 to 15 m.) of drift, apparently stream 

 laid gravels. The larger tributaries to the 

 major streams show similar conditions. 



The gravel terraces appear to belong to the 

 closing stages of the Pleistocene. Back of 

 Riversdale station and only 200 or 300 metres 

 from the railroad, there is preserved on this old 

 high-level, gravel floor, a sharply defined 

 abandoned stream channel. It runs from the 

 edge of Calvary river gorge westward behind 

 the village for a distance of only a few hundred 

 metres where it passes into a short gully which 

 descends to Black river at Riversdale station. 

 It is clearly the old channel of Calvary river at 

 the time when all the streams flowed on the old 

 high-level gravel floor, but abandoned for the 

 present nearby outlet probably before they had 

 cut through the gravels and into the hard rock. 



