340 



is noticeably meager. The Lycopods are much less abun- 

 dant than Sigillariae, and are represented only by six 

 identified species of which Lepidodendron rimosum Dn., L. 

 elegans Dn., and L. pictoense Dn., are the most common. 

 There are in addition several species of the related Lepi- 

 dophloios of which might be mentioned L. acadianus Dn., 

 L. parvus Dn., and L. prominulus Dn. Moreover detached 

 Lepidodendroid axes, assigned to the genus Ulodendron 

 occur, as well as the detached Lepidodendroid leaves known 

 as Lepidophyllum, and fertile shoots or strobile classified 

 as Sporangites. The great group of Pteridosperms is next 

 in importance, but is seemingly remarkably deficient in 

 representative species. They include Alethopteris 

 tonchitica Sternb. Sphenopteris latifolia Bron., Pecopteris 

 lonchifAca Dn., Cyclopteris sp., including seeds doubtfully 

 referred here, e.g., species of Trigonocarpum. The addi- 

 tional filicales Caulopteris (Psaronius) sp., Megaphyton 

 {Psaronius) humile Dn., and M. magnificum Dn., may be 

 representatives of the true ferns. 



From the beginning of the cliff to the old wharf at the 

 Hardscrabble coal seams, little plant material will be seen, 

 but from the wharf to beyond the Joggins Coal mine, the 

 material is more abundantly found. A nearly complete list 

 of the identified species of the flora and fauna is appended 

 at the close of this account. 



Fauna of the Joggins formation — The invertebrate 

 remains are confined almost exclusively to the thin beds of 

 limestone and carbonaceous shales, which probably repre- 

 sent the consolidated mucks of stagnate lakes or lagoons 

 which occurred in the marshy flats. The chief organic 

 remains are crushed shells of Anthracomyas or Naiadites, 

 of which several species may be recognized, and of smooth 

 Leperditoid ostracods assigned by Dawson to the genera 

 Cythere and Bairdia. Associated with these remains are 

 the excrement, scales, spines and occasionally the teeth 

 of fish. Of the shark-like types there occur the skins and 

 teeth of Ctenoptychius cristatus Dn., Diplodus sp., 

 Gyracanthus diiplicatus Dn., of the Crossopterygian and 

 Chondrostean ganoids, scales of Rhizodus, and PalcBoniscus ; 

 while the Dipnoi may be represented by teeth of the genera 

 Conchodus. 



In common association with the above remains, but 

 especially in attachment to the drifted plant debris, are 



