353 



the pre-Carboniferous area of Caledonia mountain and 

 eastward into Nova Scotia where the New Brunswick 

 Carboniferous area merges into that of the Carboniferous 

 basin, the general characters of which are so well displayed 

 in the Joggins section. In the relatively elevated country 

 which extends eastward from the end of the Caledonia 

 upland, the Millstone Grit strata gradually lose the nearly 

 horizontal attitude so characteristic of their general develop- 

 ment over so large a portion of New Brunswick, and in 

 places are inclined at angles of from 30° to 45° and presum- 

 ably traversed by faults. On the other hand, the under- 

 lying Carboniferous measures in their extension southward 

 and eastward into Nova Scotia, are less and less folded and 

 faulted. As a result of these progressive changes, the 

 evidences of the unconformities in the Carboniferous section 

 so plainly displayed to the south of Moncton, largely 

 disappear in the Joggins section and in other districts of 

 Nova Scotia, and the Carboniferous series in such places 

 appears to have always been folded and otherwise deformed 

 as a unit. 



The districts bordering Caledonia mountain and extend- 

 ing eastward along the continuation of the axis of this up- 

 land, are, as indicated above, favourable places in which 

 to determine and fix some of the revolutionary periods 

 of Carboniferous time. Unfortunately, however, this has 

 not yet been accomplished. On the accompanying geolo- 

 gical sketch map of the district lying immediately south of 

 Moncton and east of Petitcodiac river, the Carboniferous 

 strata have been provisionally mapped in three divi- 

 sions, namely, — Millstone Grit, Intermediate group and 

 Albert series. It is not improbable that in the Intermediate 

 group are placed certain measures that should be classed 

 with the Millstone Grit, and others that should have been 

 assigned to the Albert series. 



In the general district to the south of Moncton, outlined 

 on the accompanying map, there is a very distinctive 

 div. :on of the Millstone Grit consisting of a quartz con- 

 glomerate overlain by a quartzose sandstone. Both types 

 of rock are light coloured, weathering yellow. The conglo- 

 merate is usually crowded with smooth, rounded pebbles 

 of white and variously tinted quartz lying in a sandy, in 

 part calcareous, base. This conglomerate with its dis- 

 tinctive characters, and the overlying sandstones, occur in 

 neighbouring districts and the same conglomerate, or a 

 35063— I OA 



