357 



traced still further westward and the late R. W. Ells has 

 recorded his belief [3, part II, pp. 10-21], that the Albert 

 series progressively changes in character as followed in a 

 westerly direction, and that near St. John, on Kennebecasis 

 island it is represented by coarse grey sandstones. 



The oldest strata, in the district to the south of Moncton, 

 are those forming Caledonia mountain. Over this upland 

 area, the rocks are largely of igneous origin, and at many 

 localities have a schistose structure. The original rock types 

 appear to have been mainly volcanic varieties, both massive 

 and fragmental, and both acid and basic. Plutonic rocks — 

 granite, diorite, etc. — form large bodies in the complex, 

 and true sediments — slates, crystalline limestones, etc. — 

 have been noted at various places. The general assemblage 

 is of pre-Carboniferous age, for most of the rock varieties 

 have furnished pebbles and boulders to the Carboniferous 

 strata. Presumably the greater part of the rock complex of 

 Caledonia mountain is of Pre-Cambrian age but in its 

 western extension towards St. John city, Cambrian rocks 

 and possibly younger strata are involved. 



DETAILED DESCRIPTION. 



MONCTON TO STONY CREEK OIL FIELD. 



Along the highway leading from Moncton southward 

 along the west side of Petitcodiac river to the Stony Creek 

 oil field, there are few outcrops for a number of miles. On 

 the south bank of the Petitcodiac, a short distance below 

 the highway bridge crossing the river at Moncton, red arg- 

 illite and argillaceous sandstone are exposed at low water. 

 These beds are assumed to belong to the Millstone Grit 

 group and to occur at a horizon below the light coloured 

 quartzose sandstones and conglomerates so widely displayed 

 over the country to the south. 



About 3 miles (4-8 km.) south from the bridge at Monc- 

 ton, the road on the west side of Petitcodiac river crosses 

 Mill Creek. In the bank of the stream, just above the 

 road crossing, is an exposure of nearly horizontal, light 

 coloured sandstone resembling the strata of the higher 

 horizon of the Millstone Grit developed farther south. 

 In the bed of this stream for a considerable distance inland, 

 red argillites, sandstones, and fine grits with grey beds of 



