368 

 ANNOTATED GUIDE. 



MONCTON TO ST. JOHN. 



(G. A. Young.) 



Miles and 

 Kilometres. 



o m. Moncton — Alt. 50 ft. (15-2 m.). The Inter- 



o km. colonial railway leaving Moncton, runs in a 



southwesterly direction up the valley of Petit- 

 codiac river, crosses a low summit with an 

 altitude of 167 feet (50-9 m.) and enters the 

 valley of Kennebecasis river which flows in a 

 southwest direction. The railway follows the 

 valley of Kennebecasis river to the head 

 of Kennebecasis bay, a long lake-expansion 

 of St. John river. The railway, at this point 

 leaves the waterway ; farther on it again skirts 

 the shore of the lake, and finally leaving it for 

 a space of about 6 miles (9-6 km.) runs directly 

 to St. John city, situated on the Bay of Fundy 

 coast, at the mouth of St. John river. 



Throughout the greater part of the distance 

 from Moncton to St. John, the railway runs 

 parallel with and from 5 to 10 miles (8 to 16 km.) 

 north of the foot of Caledonia mountain. 

 This upland area with a mean altitude of about 

 1,000 feet (300 m.) is composed chiefly of 

 Pre-Cambrian rocks of igneous and sedimentary 

 origin. This area of ancient strata extends along 

 the coast to St. John city and beyond, but 

 towards St. John and to the southwest, the 

 country underlain by these rocks is much lower 

 than is the case to the northeast. The Pre- 

 Cambrian area as far southwest as St. John, 

 is bordered on the northwest by Carboniferous 

 measures and immediately along the border 

 these belong to pre-Millstone Grit divisions. 

 These Carboniferous measures for many miles 

 southwest of Moncton, extend to the north and 

 west to join the main Carboniferous area of 

 New Brunswick. Farther to the southwest, 

 however, the Carboniferous strata are confined 

 to a long band-like area bounded on both sides 

 by ridges of Pre-Cambrian beds. 



89 -2 m. St. John. 



143-5 km. 



