369 



ST. JOHN AND VICINITY* 



(G. A. Young.) 



INTRODUCTION. 



The neighbourhood of St. John city is of special geological 

 interest since it includes a portion of the Cambrian basin 

 which has furnished so much palseontological material 

 to Doctor G. F. Matthew. In the immediate neighbor- 

 hood also, occur the 'Fern Ledges' from which many 

 plant remains have been recovered whose age has been 

 variously assigned to the Silurian, Devonian, and Carboni- 

 ferous. 



In the neighborhood of St. John, the following formations 

 and groups are developed. 



Carboniferous.. Red Head formation.! 

 Mispeck formation 



[Cordaite formation. 

 Little River group \ Dadoxylon forma- 

 Bloomsbury formation [ tion. 



Cambrian and 



Ordovician. .St. John group. 

 Pre-Cambrian.. Crystalline limestone, quartzite, schists, 

 gneiss, granite, etc. 



The various groups of strata are exposed over elongated 

 areas all trending northeastward parallel with the coast 

 of the Bay of Fundy and with the axial lines of the more 

 prominent physical features. The Pre-Cambrian rocks 

 are developed over a wide zone stretching for more 

 than 100 miles (160 km.) along or near the Bay of Fundy 

 coast. The Cambrian measures are confined in the main, 

 to an area almost completely encircled by the Pre-Cambrian 

 strata and reaching for 30 miles (48 km.) northeastward 

 from St. John city. Minor parallel basins of Cambrian 

 beds lie to the northeast within the same general Pre- 

 Cambrian region. The Little River group together with the 

 immediately underlying and overlying formations, out- 

 crops over an elongated area situated southeast of the 

 St. John Cambrian basin. 



* See Map, — St. John and Vicinity. 



t The term , Red Head formation , is applied provisionally to certain strata at one time 

 classed as Lower Carboniferous Conglomerate. 



35063— I lA 



