1840.] from Bactrian and Indo- Scythian coins. 671 



empire,, at that period, was still limited to Hyrcania and 

 Parthia, and the Scythian nomades to their northerly heaths, 

 though even menacing invasion. Among the conditions of 

 peace occurred likevrise the following stipulation, — that Euthy- 

 demos was to surrender his elephants ; hence we may presume, 

 that although he had made no expedition on the south beyond 

 the Caucasus, yet, he must have entered upon connexions 

 mth India. At that time he had not yet a firm footing 

 southward of the mountains, as we find there the king Sopha- 

 gasenos, who concluded an alliance with Antiochus, delivered 

 over to him some elephants, and agreed to pay him a certain 

 sum of money. The Indian king apparently engaged in this 

 league as a protection from Euthydemos, whose power had al- 

 ready manifested itself in the south of the Caucasus. As it is 

 called a renewed treaty, this Indian king must have belonged to 

 the dynasty of the Palibothrian princes, who had always been 

 in friendly relations to the Seleucides. We can indeed prove 

 hereafter, that from the time of Seleukos Nikator, those Indian 

 kings possessed the country west of the Indus to the Caucasus,* 

 and hence it arises, that the Bactrian kings, down to the time of 

 this peace, had no possessions in the south of the Caucasus, 

 and only when Antiochus entangled himself in disputes with 

 Egypt, and thereby with Rome, were they at liberty to engage in 

 plans for an invasion of India ; that is therefore about the year 

 203 B. c. 



Antiochus effected his retreat through Arachosia and Drangi- 

 ana, and there is no reason to doubt, that both countries 

 were still under the dominion of the Seleucides. f 



Demetrios, the son of Euthydemos, then a youth of remark- 

 able beauty, had a principal share in concluding the peace with 

 Antiochus, whose daughter was given him in marriage. 



This Demetrios however is afterwards not mentioned as 

 king of Bactria, but of India {'' Demetrii regis Indorum^'J) 



* De Pentap. Ind. p. 42—45. 

 t By the notice, that Seleukos had also yielded Arachosia to Kandragup- 

 ta, we have certainly to understand but the district eastward of the sour- 

 ces of the Helmund and the Lora. X Justin, xli. 6. 



