1840.J from Bactrian and IndO'Scythian coins. 649 



must continue to be improbable, until Kanerki be also discover- 

 ed on Buddhistic monuments. 



II. Greek, and Indian characters. 



The coins of Agathokles and Pantaleon alone as yet compose 

 this class. 



Agathokles, Diademed head of the king ; reverse, a standing 

 Jupiter, with the left hand leaning on his sceptre, holding 

 on the right a small three headed Artemis, bearing a torch. 

 Legend, BA2IAEQ2 ArAGOKAEOYE * Tetradrachma of 

 very superior workmanship. 



M. Raoul-Rochette has proved, that the figure on the legend 

 is the Persian Artemis Hecate, the ZaprjrtQ or Zapa, whose wor- 

 ship Artaxerxes Mnemon was endeavouring to propagate with- 

 in his empire, and Bactria is especially mentionedf with regard 

 to this. Male head, with Dionysos^ crown of grapes. Reverse, a 

 panther walking, holding with his fore claw a grape. The same 

 legend as above mentioned. Tetradrachma. J 



Square copper coins with the same legend. On the obverse, 

 a female Bacchanal, flourishing the thyrsus, and the legend above 

 represented, in old Indian characters. Eleven specimens have 

 been discovered, all from Cabul.§ 



M. Raoul-Rochette has tried by a vast display of learning 

 to establish his conjecture, that Agathokles was the first king 

 of Bactria, he having been the Eparch of Persia under Antiochus 

 the second, who is called Pherekles by others, and whose 

 pederasty is said to have excited the Parthian revolt. || Not to 

 mention other objections, this conjecture falls to nothing owing 

 to the Indian letters, which Agathokles cannot have used for his 

 Bactrian subjects. But previously to Euthydemos, no Bactrian 

 king made conquests southwards from the Caucasus. As 

 copper coins are less likely to go by trade into other countries 

 than gold and silver (coins,) the place of discovery of the 



* R. R. J. des Sav. 1834. p. 332. No. 2. ii. No. I. p. 12 A. T. iv. pL 

 XXV. No. 3. from the Punjaub.) 



t (J. des S. at other places, p. 340. ii. p. 13.) 



I (J. des S. No. I. by the way of St. Petersburg.) 



§ R. R. II No. I. II. p. n. A. T. V. pi. xxxv. No. 9. 



il (J. d. S. p. 336.) 



