692 Levels between the Jumna and Sutlij. [No. 103. 



profile of a country ; and, secondly, to obtain one element for calculating 

 the amount of absorption in a standing canal, for which it would be 

 No sure index of super- necessary to provide a daily compensation. In 



ficial inequalities. ^^^ former respect my present observations, as 



well as those made with the same view in other localities, shew that 

 the level of springs is too much affected by the vicinity of streams, the 

 degree of permeability of soils, and other local circumstances, to admit 

 of any accurate conclusion being drawn from them, regarding the 

 profile of the surface. But with reference to the second object of 

 Effect on the amount of ™y inquiry? i* is satisfactory to find that the wells 

 absorption. measured, have generally so little depth, as the 



waste by absorption in the contemplated canal, will be relatively much 

 less. In illustration of this point I may mention, that in the Paneeput 

 district, where before the introduction of the Delhi canal the springs 

 were from thirty to forty feet below the surface, they are now from 

 fifteen to thirty feet ; whereas in Hurriana the springs have been raised 

 since Feroze's canal was opened, in some instances, as much as sixty 

 feet. 



On the accompanying profile I have sketched out what I consider to 



Practicability of the be a possible section of a still water canal, from 

 measure illustrated by . , . , . i /. , . , , t» i i i 



a possible Section. the highest level of which, between rahul and 



Doorai-ki- Serai, the westward descent of sixty-three feet to the level of 

 the Sutlij, is made by means of seven locks ; while to the eastward a 

 descent of thirty and a half feet to the valley of the Markunda and Sur- 

 sootee, is effected in five locks, after which a partial rise of six and a 

 half feet is necessary to cross the ridge separating these rivers from the 

 Chittung, followed by a descent of thirty-eight feet, by four locks to the 

 level of the Jumna. Water sufficient for the westward lockage, as well 

 as to compensate for waste by absorption and evaporation, could be 

 Water for lockao^e and supplied at the highest level by a cut taken from 

 wastage, how obtained, ^^e Sutlij, at the point where it debouches from 

 the lower hills, and conducted along the crest of the ridge ; and on the 

 eastern extremity of the canal, we might obtain water for the same pur- 



The possible Section poses by a water-course from the Delhi canal above 

 not recommended as an ,. , t i . i • . .1 • • . t i 1 



advisable one. Indree. In sketching out this project, I would 



be clearly understood not to recommend it as an advisable one. The 



number of masonry aqueducts required here, the necessity for which 



