1840.] from Bactrian and IndO'Sajthian coins, 743 



ed in this war.* His son Mithridates fought again^ and with 

 more success, against the Scythians. Under his reign com- 

 menced the struggle of the Parthians against Rome, and sup- 

 posing the Scythians up to that time able to maintain them- 

 selves in Bactria and Sogdiana, they were then doubtless at 

 full liberty to assume unrestrained dominion. Nor do we find, 

 that the Parthians attacked them any more. Sanatroikes, 77 

 B. c, is placed on the throne by the Scythians, viz. the 

 Sakaraules ; as was the case with Phrahates IV. when expelled 

 by his subjects, in the year 37 b. c. f 



Ancient writers do not give us the whole detail of the Scythian 

 settlement in Bactria, nor do we know the name of any of their 

 kings, any more than the manner in which they divided among 

 themselves the conquered provinces. Only one notice which 

 is in fact important, has been preserved ; Isidor of Charax, says, 

 (p. 9) *Evr£u0fV 2a/ca(TTav?7 Sa^wv ^kvOCjv, t} Kai TlpaiTaKrjvr}. 



We observe, as the Saces were the foremost of those nomades, 

 so did they advance farthest to the south and west ; they had 

 occupied the Drangian Praitakene, while the Tochares, under 

 the Asianian kings, settled themselves perhaps nearer to the 

 eastern and northern frontier. J 



We must not here neglect receiving such illustrations as we 

 are offered by Chinese authorities on the emigration of these 

 Scythians, although the author of this treatise could not direct- 

 ly compare those authorities, and is aware of the confusion 

 caused by Chinese misconstruction of names. But these ac- 



* I. C. xLii. 2. As the Thochares are distinguished from the Scythians, 

 these latter appear to be the Sakaraules. Scythse, depopulata Parthia, 

 in patriam revertuntur. Sed Artabanus bello Thogariis (sic) illato, etc. 



t I. C. XLII. 5. Appian. Mithrid. 104. 



X A Median Paraitakene was between Persepolis and Ecbatana, Arrian. 

 Anab. iii, 19. Ptolm. vi, 4. Diodor. xix. 34. Strabo xvi, init. Beside 

 this a Sogdian town of the same name, Arrian iv, 21, which was also 

 named Gabaza and Babakene. Curtius viii, 14, 17. Zmpt. eastwards of 

 Karatag towards the lofty Belurtag. Thirdly, that above mentioned between 

 Drangiana, Cabul, and Arachosia. Ptolemy calls it Tatakene, perhaps 

 country of the Tatas? vi, 19. In Paraitakene lies the old Persian Paruta, 

 hill, these hills are the Kohistan of modern Persian geography. 



