1840.] from Bactrtan and Indo- Scythian coins, 749 



westerly tributary provinces of China; this was carried on in 

 Khoten^ in the year 98 a. d., and gave occasion for the dis- 

 covery of the Caspian Sea.* Yenkaotching is however not said 

 to have made this war, and it is very improbable,, that he did so, 

 as it occurred between the years 75-98. 



The greatest power of the Yuetchis obtained therefore in the 

 first century of our era. The father, Khieoutsieouhi, had engaged 

 in hostilities with the Parthians ; if this were the same in which 

 Prahates IV. expelled Tiridates by the assistance of the Scythi- 

 ans (Justin xLii. 5,) it commenced about the year 40 b. c, 

 and his son would be more correctly placed in the years begin- 

 ning from 20 or 25 a. D.f 



The power of the Yuetchis continued to the third century. { 

 After this time it was weakened by new hordes of northern bar- 

 barians. Still however their empire maintained itself; and Chi- 

 nese history in the beginning of the fifth century makes mention 

 of a king Kitolo, who again undertook an expedition against 

 India. India appears therefore meanwhile to have been taken 

 from the Yuetchis. Kitolo is said to have conquered Balkh, 

 Gandhara, and five other provinces. According to others, 

 Kitolo^ s son founded the empire of ^^ The Little Yuetchis'^ in 

 Foeleoucha ; here is some confusion, at least in the translations. § 



Let us now sum up these facts. First, we have an empire, 

 founded in Kipin by the Saces, commencing about the year 

 126 B. c. This may have maintained itself till the Yuetchis 

 advanced southward, therefore almost to the beginning of our 

 era. It embraced a part of Cabul, and we must hereafter ex- 

 amine, whether their kings did not also reign on the borders of 

 the Indus. 



Secondly, an empire of " The Great Yuetchis,^^ or Tochares, 

 in Bactria and Sogdiana, divided into separated hordes, to the 



* De Guignes, p. 30. Remusat, Remarques sur I'extension de I'empire 

 Chinois, p. 120. Mr. Ritter, Erdkunde VII, p. 554. has translated R^mu- 

 sat's term 75 a. d. by 75 b. c. 



t De Guignes, p. 28. But he certainly makes an improper use of this 

 notice. 



t De G. p. 31. R. to F. p. 83. Kl. p. 133. As. Trans. VI. 63. where the 

 year 222 a. d. is stated. 



§ De G. p. 31. R. to F. p. 84. Kl. p. 134. 



5 c 



