848 Memorandum on Indigo. [No. 104. 



3rd. In the Khyrpore territories the duty amouuts to R. 1 : 2, per md. 



4th. Independent of the above, the transit duties are thus — 

 In the Punjaub, at Mittun Kote, Rs. 46 : 4, per boat load. 

 In the Bhawulpore territories, Rs. 30 ditto 



In the Khyrpore territories none. All transit duties on the river 

 through the Hyderabad and Khyrpore territories are cancelled under 

 a " Rahdaree Purwannah" from the British authorities. 



The expenses of water carriage to Bombay is calculated by the dea- 

 lers at about two Rupees per maund from Mooltan, and as the duties 

 levied at the former place are known, an estimate may be formed 

 of the price at which Indigo from the countries bordering on the Indus 

 may be brought into the Bombay market. In Shikarpore this article 

 does not enter largely into the trade, ihe consumption being only 

 about 100 maunds annually ; it passes through Shikarpore, however, 

 in transit to Khorassan by the route of the Bolan pass, but the greater 

 quantity before alluded to, finds its way to Cabul, Bokhara, &c. by the 

 route of the Khybur, or the Daman pass ; the latter through the 

 agency of the Lohana traders and their Kaffillas. 



On the Historical Geography of Hindustan, and the origin of the Social State 

 among the Hindus. By J as. Bird, Esq. 



The state of India previous to the Mohammedan invasion, is a subject of 

 perplexity ; as the interested and fabulous narratives of sectaries present 

 but a few isolated facts to guide us in forming an opinion of the original 

 system of Hinduism, civil and religious. 



Many, in conducting this investigation, have been more zealous in sup- 

 porting the antiquity of the present Hindu social state, than in searching 

 after historical truth; and, while unable to explain why the Sanscrit 

 language enters so extensively into the provincial dialects, without grant- 

 ing that it was the primitive tongue, they have contended for the pre- 

 valent and unchangeable existence of Brahminical institutions. 



In doing so they have overlooked the reasonable conclusion which, 

 sanctioned by the well known revolutions of the world, admits the gradual 

 advancement of Hinduism to its present perfection, and that it was a 

 religion of proselytism little more than nine centuries ago. The known 

 geographical distribution of tribes and nations tends to establish the just- 



