1840.] Lieut, Cunningham on Bactrian coins. 869 



kings of this part of the East, especially on those of the Arsacidae, 

 the epithet of Philopater indicates the association of a son in the royal 

 title of the father" From this M. Raoul-Rochette supposes that Apol- 

 lodotus was the son of Menander, and that he was associated in the 

 government with his father, and consequently took the title of Philo- 

 pater in addition to the epithet of saviour, which was common to both 

 princes. The opinion of so eminent an antiquary as M. R. Rochette, 

 must always command respect, even when it fails to produce convic- 

 tion ; and did not the facts which have led me to a different conclusion 

 seem particularly strong and clear, I should certainly hesitate in dis- 

 senting from one, in every way so well qualified to judge. Now it ap- 

 pears from the quotation given above, that the epithet of Philopater 

 indicates the association of a son in the royal title of his father ; and 

 we know from Justin (lib. 41. c. 6,) that Eucratidas had made his son 

 "a partner in his kingdom;" from which it results almost conclusively, 

 that Apollodotus, who was the only prince that bore the title of Philo- 

 pater, must have been the son of Eucratidas, the only king who is re- 

 corded to have associated his son in the Bactrian kingdom with him- 

 self. 



Second. — The rarity of the coins bearing the title of Philopater in 

 comparison with the other coins of Apollodotus, would seem to prove 

 that these pieces were all struck during his association in the govern- 

 ment with his father, on their return from the Indian conquests ; and 

 that after having murdered Eucratidas, he dropped the title of " lover 

 of his father," which to have continued would have been ridiculous, as 

 well as an outrage upon humanity. Now we know that this unnatural 

 son gloried in the murder, and, '* as if he had slain an enemy, and not 

 his father, he both drove his chariot through his blood, and ordered his 

 body to be thrown out unburied ;" which circumstance most satisfac- 

 torily accounts for the comparative scarcity of the coins of Apollodotus, 

 which bear the title of Philopater ; for had the murderer wished to 

 have concealed his crime, he would certainly not have dropped the 

 title of lover of his father, but would rather have published it on all 

 his coins, as a presumptive proof of liis innocence ; we also know that 

 the coins bearing this title are found mostly in the Punjab, and some 

 even in India, while none were found by Mr. Masson in the classic 

 site of Beghram ; which facts serve still more strongly to establish my 



