948 Grange's Expedition into the Naga Hills. [No. 106. 



marching brought us to the Ha,our Ghaut, which we crossed to the 

 Cacharee village of the same name in the Nowgong district. The Junao- 

 nah river is navigable for small boats at all seasons of the year 

 to this village. The crops between Ha,our and Nermolea had suffered 

 much from the high rise of the river Jumonah, which overflows its 

 banks nearly the whole length of its course. 



8^^. — Departing from Nermolea, and passing considerable cotton 

 tracts, we reached the village of Bokolea, four miles distant, where I 

 found some of the lime burnt by Mr. Martin for Government, in store. 

 The country along the banks of the river between this village and 

 Ramsa (a small village six miles west of Mohong) is uninhabited, and 

 is composed of large grass wastes with patches of forest at intervals ; 

 the greater part of the low lands below the falls of the river, are liable 

 to inundation. Passing through Bokolea, we continued on till we came 

 to the huts erected for us, on the Tutra river, a small stream, which 

 issues from the Mikeer Hills. To this point most of the Kyahs and 

 other traders trafficing in cotton come in the cold season ; there is 

 high ground about it for a Haut (or fair), and there is a Mikeer village 

 two miles inland. A short way above is the Oogeroo Chokey, establish- 

 ed by Tularam, who exacts a toll from all his Ryots who frequent the 

 Tutra mart. 



9th. — Leaving the Tutra encampment, and passing through forest 

 and grass jungle, we came to some low, undulating, grassy hills, from 

 whence a tolerable view of the surrounding country is obtained, which 

 became more overspread with hills, chequered by the ancient cotton 

 cultivations of the Mikeers. These migratory agriculturists seldom 

 remain longer than two years in one locality, and only very fine land 

 induces them to determine on a three years' residence; by which time a 

 deep rooted grass springs up, which drives them to fell more forest for 

 their staple crop, not being able to use the ploughshare to eradicate 

 the roots, on account of the nature of the ground. Passing over these 

 hills, we gradually came on the rumbling of the cataracts, which in- 

 creased, as we approached, into a stunning din ; the river at this part 

 is confined by low hills on both sides, and the quantity of water that 

 rushes over the falls in the rainy season, must be very considerable ; the 

 height I was shown as that of the ordinary rise, cannot be less than 

 100 or 150 feet. Two paths lead over the hills on either side, and all 



