452 Lassen on the History traced [No. 101. 



tion, that MANAO is to express the Zend genetive mdonho. In 

 this case a would have been substituted for h, which letter 

 could not be expressed in the Greek language, while do, the 

 o of which, together with the succeeding nh, takes its origin 

 in the s of an older form, probably was no real diphthong ; but 

 both o and nh together seem to express the nasal pronunciation, 

 which precedes h in this position; the vowel a, as that of the 

 root, was therefore alone expressed in the Greek orthography. 



HI. MANAO BATO, obviously a deified being, related 

 to Mao ; a large moon-like sickle therefore also appears with him 

 behind the shoulders ; he has four arms, leaning one arm on 

 the hip, and holding symbols, not to be made out, with the 

 three others ; he is in a kind of Turkish dress, with large 

 trowsers, seated on a spacious throne, (v. Mueller at the same 

 place, p. 236.) 



Mr. Prinsep has explained BATO by baga (Sanscrit) splen- 

 dour ; the word besides denotes, beauty, glory, omnipotence; and 

 Bhagavat, is a name of Vishnu, as also a frequent epithet of 

 gods. At the same time it belongs to the Zend, and even to 

 the old Persian language, and on carefully examining the mean- 

 ing of the word in them, it becomes evident, how this peculiar 

 god of the moon is to be understood upon the coins. The 

 four arms perhaps intimate Indian influence. 



IV. Anaitis, NANAIA, NANA, strangely also called NANA 

 PAO, a female figure, dressed in long folded drapery, having 

 a nimbus without rays, and a tiara with flowing ribands, 

 with the right hand holding a branch, or something similar, (v. 

 Mueller at the same place.)* 



The Persian Artemis has been long ago recognised in this 

 goddess, the worship of whom Artaxerxes Mnemon endeavour- 

 ed to spread over all Persia, especially in Bactria, and it agrees 

 with this supposition, that this Artemis, as Mr. Raoul Rochette 

 has proved it, appears upon the Agathokles-coins as Artemis 

 Hecate, bearing a torch, and triple-formed according to the 

 phases of the moon. The word could hardly have originated in 

 Iran, and certainly not in India ; it is a goddess of the moon, 

 and the grammatical form of the word is likewise feminine ; 

 * As. Trans, pi. in. No. 4 pi. xxxvi. No. 4. 



