472 Lassen on the History traced [No. 101. 



Alexander, after having arrived at the Choes (Kameh) com- 

 mences on the western bank of the Indus his campaign against 

 the nations, in a strict sense here already called Indians. They 

 are named by Arrian, numbering them from west to east, 

 Aspasians, Guraeans, and Assacanians.* Strabo styles the na- 

 tion, first mentioned, Hippasians,f and substitutes for the Choes 

 the Choaspes, which disembogues into the Kophen (§ 26) and 

 which therefore cannot be, as it occurs upon the map of Ritter, 

 another name for the Kophen. Aspa is a term, alluding to 

 Persian language, and Choaspes (qazpa) is the river of beautiful 

 horses ; there is an evident reference of the nation with the 

 river, and they probably lived on its banks. Alexander first 

 marched upwards to the Choes. UopevOelg Se wapa tov Xoijv 

 KaXovjjLivov TTOTafxov opuvfjv T£ o$ov Kat TpayjciaVy /ecu tovtov 

 Siapag ^aXeTrwc, /c. r. X. 



He reduces there two towns, the second of which was called 

 Andaka, he then proceeds to the river Euaspla. Kcu SuXOuv 

 TroWrjv o$6v, SevTZpaiog a^i/cero 7Tpog rrjv 7roXiv. 



After having taken this, he passes over the mountains to 

 Arigaeum.J I must here depart in view from our celebrated 

 geographer Mr. Ritter, who thinks Euaspla to be the Choes, 

 but it must be a tributary of the Choes which Alexander 

 touched, SieX0wv 7ro\\riv o§6v, and after he had already marched 

 into the Kameh valley. Alexander first left this lateral valley of 

 the Kameh, when setting out for Arigaeum. Euaspla now is 

 partly a Greek translation, (iv-a(nr\a perhaps zv-cKnrvs) of 

 Choaspes (hu,gut Sanscrit svhazpa-quzpa). 



Strabo by taking the Choaspes for the Choes, viz. the smaller 

 for the larger river, has confounded both of them, while Arrian 

 separately mentions them. Choaspes, or Euaspla, probably is 

 the Seesha upon Mr. Elphinstone^s map.§ 



* IV. 23. 

 f XV. § 17. § 27. 

 J.Arr. IV. 24. 

 § I am under the necessity here also to contradict the excellent his- 

 torian of Alexander the Great, Mr. Droysen. The point at issue is 

 especially the following passage of Strabo, § 26. 'A\i%av$pog — kirka- 

 rpt\p£v — Km tov Ku)(j>t]v itOTafxov Kai tov Xoaff7r?jv, og tig tov 





