1840.] from Bactrian and Indo- Scythian coins. 473 



The Aspasians probably are the same with the Azvazeelas 

 of the ancient Indian geography, who are neighbours of the 

 Kambojas, fighting on horseback. 



The Guraans are the inhabitants of the valley at the river 

 Guraeus, (Arr. iv, 25) the Penjkora, into the valley of which 

 Alexander descended near Arigaeum ; the Guraeus, according to 

 Arrian, retains this name to its disemboguing into the Cabul, 

 while Ptolemy only mentions the Sewad, the Suastus. Gorydale 

 was probably situated just at its very disemboguing. 



The Assacanians in their towns Massaga and Ora had their 

 abode between the Guraeus and the Indus.* From them there 

 are distinguished the Astacanians, who are no doubt justly taken 

 for the subjects of Astes, the ruler of Peucala, the district on 

 both banks of the Indus, above the disemboguing of the Ko- 

 phen. f According to Ptolemy, the Gandarians inhabit this 

 country, who live therefore on the northern bank of the Kop- 

 hen, while Strabo relates of the Gandaritis, living on both 

 bank of the Kophen ; he follows here the native view, according 

 to which Gandhara denotes the country from Peshawur to the 

 Indus. 



The Massianians, mentioned by Strabo, are too insignificant 

 to be inquired into, and we shall leave it to others to deal with 



Kuj(jir}v e/n(5aX\H troraixov, Kai Kara HXrjyrjpLOv woXiv pvsiQ 

 Trapa T(x)pvda\r}v 7t6\lv 9 /ecu du^wv tt\v rt J$avdof3rivr}v Ken rrjv 

 TavSaptriv. 



Mr. Droysen says (history of Alex. p. 376) we need only to omit Kai 

 preceding TlXrfyrjpiov to find every thing correct. Now if the sense, 

 not the syntax alone must be in accordance, og and pvslg and $u£(ov 

 would be referred in this case to the Choaspes, disemboguing upon this 

 conjecture through the Gandaritis into the Indus, i. e. the Choaspes would 

 do what is due to the Kophen, which Strabo himself mentions as the 

 main river. There consequently is also a confusion in the views of 

 Strabo, an unprecise understanding of the reports, and the words following 

 ipfiaWei 7rorajnov are indeed to be referred to the Kophen. Hence it 

 follows, that Plegerium, Gorydale are towns, and that the districts Ban- 

 dobene and Gandaritis to the disemboguing of the Kophen into the Indus 

 successively are met with. 



* Arr. IV. 26 Ind. I. Strabo, XV. § 27. 

 f Droysen, history of Alex. p. 374. 



3 p 



