1840.] from Bactrian and Indo- Scythian coins. 475 



(Lampatse) whose hilly district extends to the mountains of the 

 Komedes, hence up the valley of the Kameh and into the Cau- 

 casus over the Pengkora or Guraeus, a country of wide extent, 

 while in Sanscrit Lampaka denotes only the inhabitants of the 

 valley Lamghan, on the western side of the Kameh valley. 

 Ptolemy* s authority gives us evidence, that the restriction of that 

 name (Lamghan) is of a more modern date, and that the deriva- 

 tion of the name from Lamech, according to Sultan Baber's con- 

 jecture, is a wholly vicious etymology. The peculiar Lamghani 

 language, prevailing in this mountain valley, together with the 

 language of the inhabitants of the higher Kameh valley and the 

 Indian Caucasus, viz. of the Kafirs, thus called, is an Indian 

 dialect, and the separation of the Lamghanians and Kafirs into 

 different nations, as is the case in Cabul, is not founded upon 

 any original national discrepancy. 



According to Ptolemy, the Koas is the most western river of 

 India, however, he does not consider it as the boundary river, 

 but in his opinion, the confines between India and the country 

 of the Paropamisades are the meridian, in which the sources of 

 the Oxus* are included ; he places them one degree more to the 

 west than the Koas, and therefore according to him, a district 

 westward from the Koas still belongs to India, which as it ap- 

 pears, is inhabited by the Lambagae, he (Ptolemy) mentions ; 

 for the present Lamghan is included in the very same district 

 to which Ptolemy has assigned no other inhabitants. These 

 national boundaries almost completely coincide with the poli- 

 tical demarcation between the Satrapies of Alexander, viz. be- 

 tween that of the Paropamisades and of the Upper India. 



Looking to eastern Cabulistan, we observe, the district Suas- 

 tene lies, according to Ptolemy, at the sources of the Suastus ; 

 it is therefore the same that Elphin stone has called Upper 

 Sewad. 



He places the situation of the country Goryaea (Twpvaia) be- 

 low the Lambagse and Suastene. This is the district between 

 the Bagur and the Pengkora, and on the other hand, that to the 

 Lundye, in the north of the Cabul river to the mountains, which 

 include the Kameh from the east. 



* VI. 18. 



