GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. Ill 



laminated with thera are light-brown shale-like sandstones, which are 

 quite soft and break into nuaierous laminre. The layers of this sand- 

 stone vary in thickness from a few inches to eight feet. Jaat below 

 these beds are very coarse-grained limestones. The thickness from 

 the bottom of these limestones to the top of the light-gray sandstones 

 mentioned above is 260 feet. The coarse limestones are followed by fine- 

 grained compact limestones, the weathered surfaces of which are white. 

 These pass by gradations into bluish argillaceous shales, containing a large 

 percentage of lime, (layer No. 11 in the -section.) These shales weather 

 of a white color and contain the following fossils : Trigonia Americanus, 

 Finna, Camptonectes. and Modiola., i^roving their Jurassic age. They are 

 very fine-grained and separate into laminse of half an inch to two inches 

 thickness. The3' are very brittle also, and break readily, the plane of 

 cleavage being at right angles to the plane of deposit. The angle of 

 dip of these beds is 20°. The distance from the bottom of these layers 

 to the top of the comi^act limstone is 100 feet. All the above beds to 

 the conglomerates are probably Jurassic, while those above are Creta- 

 ceous. jS'ext below the limestones are five feet of yellowish-brown 

 sandstone, followed by a bed of quartzite containing veins of quartz 

 and calcite in geodes, from which I obtained large crystals of calcite' 

 of the variety known as dog-tooth spar. The lower portion of this bed, 

 which is about ten feet thick, is very irregular in composition, seeming 

 to have been deposited in rough waters. It is succeeded by four feet 

 of very compact quartzite, which in turn is followed by a pebbly con- 

 glomerate of two feet. Next comes eight feet of quartzite succeeded 

 by alternate beds of quartzite and limestone, the thickness of the whole 

 being 110 feet. Next come 30 feet of red sandstones, which are prob- 

 ably Jurassic, although not even a trace of any fossils can be found 

 in them lo prove it. The upper layers of these red beds contain 

 lime, the percentage of which decreases as we descend. The angle 

 of the dip is about 25°. The succession of- these beds is shown in 

 the section given below. Below the red beds are immense beds of 

 carboniferous limestone, reaching to the bed of the creek, a distance of 

 435 feet. The upper layers of this limestone are arenaceous. The 

 force that caused the tipping up of the strata in Spring Caiion was 

 some distance to the south and was dying away at this end of the range, 

 so that the older beds were not elevated sufficiently to be exposed to 

 the action of the stream and are therefore not shown. The carbonifer- 

 ous beds are crushed together in a confused mass, and it is difficult to get 

 at the true dip. The creek cutting through them has left huge masses 

 standing out on the. sides, resembling castles, towers, &c. 



The following section, corresponding with Fig. 27, will perhaps show 

 the succession of the beds more clearly. The thicknesses are estimated. 



The section is in descending order. 



Thickness 

 iu feet. 



50 

 175 



1. Red, purple, acd gray metamorphosed sandstones 



2. Brown limestone 



3. Gray sandstones 



4. Conglomerates : 



5. Brown limestone and interlaminate sandstones 



6. Gray sandstone 



7. ^ Coarse calcareous fossiliferous sandstone 



8. i With inter] aminatedshaly sandstones )■ 360 



9. Coarse limestone 



10.. Compact limestone 



11. Shaly argilaceous limestone 



12. Yellow-brown sandstone 5 



13. Quartzite with veins of calcite W 



