444 



GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TEERITOEIES. 



As the drift at Mr. Carleton's mine penetrates almost horizontally, 

 and nearly in tbe direction of the dip of the beds, of course it- cuts 

 oblique]}^ through them from below upward. Owing to the darkness in 

 the mine, however, and the presence of timbers at places, we could not 

 examine the beds there very carefully 5 but Mr. Carle ton kindly gave 

 us the following detailed statement of their thickness, order of succes- 

 sion, &c. : 



Ft. In. 



A. Sandstone, forming the roof of the coal and 



shale, containing Inoeeramus 



B. Coal. - 12") Divisioul7of 



G. Impure slaty coal and shale : 10J> Coalville sec- 



D. Coal of good quality 3 43 tion-. 



E. Fire-clay 12"} 



F. Soft gray sandstone, Inoeeramus, Unio, Car- | 



diuni, and Anomia 12 



Gr. Dark-bluish, or nearly black, and lighter 

 colored indurated clays, containing many 

 fresh and some salt-water types of shells, 

 such as Physa, Valvata, Gyrena, N^ritina, 



Melardpus, Eulima, Tnrritella, &c 10 



Shale.. 4 



1. Soft rusty sandstone, with Gardium and frag- 

 ments of other fossils , 15 



J. Fire-clay 6 



K. Coal -. 2 



Shale 10 



Dark sandy shale 



Sandstone 



Iron ore , 



Dark shale 



H 



L. 

 M, 

 N. 

 O. 



Division 16. 



0^ 



6 Division 15. 



J I 



7 0V Division 14. 



4! 

 3 03 



Although we could not, as stated, examine all of the beds and seams 

 of these divisions of the section in as much detail as desired, there being 

 no surface outcrops of the same here, we nevertheless did see nearly all 

 of them in place, with their characteristic fossils, in passing along the 

 drift or gallery leading to the coal, and in part immediately over the 

 same. At some places in the mine, the clays and thin seams of coal 

 above the coal D had fallen in, so as to expose the overlying sandstone 

 A, and in the under surface o^' this we saw many casts of Inoeeramus. 

 In the bed F we likewise saw Inoeeramus, Gardium.-, and imperfect ex- 

 amples of Unio, while from the dark clays G we picked a few shells, 

 when examining this bed in the drift. Considerable quantities of the re- 

 moved portions of all of these beds were also to be seen lying in heaps 

 at the entrance of the drift, and that from each could there be readily 

 identified by Mr. Carleton, so that we had no difficulty in referring ail 

 of the fossils found in this loose material, which had not been long ex- 

 posed to the weather, to their proper beds. 



It was the opinion of the miners he*re that the sandstone A, in which 

 we saw casts of Inoeeramus, in the mine, is the lower part of the massive 

 division 18 of the section. Although this view was adopted in con- 

 structing the section, it is possible that it may be a lower bed of sand- 

 stone, separated from the base of the massive stratum 18 by 50 or 60 

 feet of clay or other material, as there seemed to be rather too long a 

 slope between the base of the exposed part of the sandstone 18, seen 

 above, and the entrance of the drift, to be filied by the beds obliquely 



