GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 541 



extent, as it would have required more time and labor than we were 

 well able to give for that purpose. 



We did not discover any evidences of unconformability in the Almy 

 section ; the whole formation seemed one continuous series. The fresh- 

 water beds containing shells are, I think, certainly conformable to the 

 coal ; indeed, we observed thin carbonaceous seams in its immediate 

 proximity. In the main section I have given the larger divisions, as 

 exposed, on a line terminating at the mines, but the prospecting trench 

 already mentioned, which was opened by Mr. Deuel some two miles 

 below Almy, afforded the following section, which in the larger one is 

 included in the lower part of No. 37 : 



Sectio7i taken two miles helow Almy in trench. 



Ft. In. 



1. Coal, or carbonaceous shale 3 



2. Clay shale 2 



3. Impure coal 3 



4. Hard argillaceous sandstone, containing and almost entirely 



made up of minute crushed fresh- water shells 2 



5. Coal, or carbonaceous shale 1 



6. Sandy shale 12 



7. Coal, or carbonaceous shale, with clay parting 4 6 



8. Shale or clay 20 



Under this, according to Mr. Deuel,,4s the heavy stratum of argilla- 

 ceous sandstone, No. 39 of the section, which is seen at the mines above 

 the main coal, and which contains numerous leaf-impressions. 



The fossils found, both in this two-foot band and in the sandstones 

 above, would indicate that the age of these beds was Tertiary, rather 

 than Cretaceous, and that they might possibly be even more recent than 

 Eocene. I do not know the grounds of Professor Cope's reference of the 

 coal at this point to the Cretaceous, while he admits the Tertiary age 

 of some, at least, of the overlying sandstones ;* but as we found no 

 break or line of demarkation in the whole 2,000 feet or more which we 

 examined, and found our fossils in coal-bearing beds immediately above 

 and conformable to the main coal, the facts, so far as they are known to 

 me, do not seem sufficient for such identification. 



JFrom Evanston we went west to Echo and Coalville, which are 

 reported on by Mr. Meek. 



* Pr, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1872, p. 279 



