GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 



751 



I inclucle also a few peaks on other continents, for the sake of comparison, 

 the latitudes of which are approximate, as their positions are well 

 known. The table is arranged according to the latitudes, commencing 

 at the northernmost point and running south. 



Name. 



Latitude. 



Ele- 

 vation. 



Timber-hne on Bridger's Peak, Montana 



Timber-line on Mount Delano, Montana 



Timber-line on Ward's Peak, Montana 



Timber-line on Mount Blackmore, Montana 



Timber-line on second caSon of Madison River, Montana . .. 



Timber-line on Electric Peak, Wyoming 



Timber-line on mount near Henry's Lake, Idaho 



Timber-line on Mount Washburn, Wyoming 



45 



45 

 45 

 45 

 45 

 44 

 44 

 44 



47 

 32 

 30 

 26 

 00 

 58 

 55 

 48 



Timber-line on Mount Wasbington, New Hampshire. 



Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber- 

 Timber 

 Timber 



•line on 

 -line on 

 ■line on 

 ■line on 

 -line on 

 ■line on 

 ■line on 

 -line on 

 •line on 

 -line on 

 -line on 



Cascade Range, Oregon 



Mount Hayden, Teton Range. 



Wind River Mountains 



Mount Shasta, California 



Gilbert's Peak, in the Uintas. 



Long's Peak, Colorado 



Audubon's Peak, Colorado . . . 

 Mount Engelmann, Colorado . 



Berthoud's Pass, Colorado 



Gray's Peak, Colorado 



Pike's Peak, Colorado 



44 00 



44 av. 

 43 44 



to 



43 

 41 

 40 

 40 

 40 



00 

 15 



50 

 20 

 00 



39 

 39 



38 



50 

 45 

 53 



Timber-line in Colorado in general., 



Timber-line on San Franeisco Mount, Arizona 



FOKEIGN PEAKS. 



Timber-line on Alps . . \ . . . 



Timber-line on ^tna 



Timber-line on Himalayas. 

 Timber-line on Teneriife... 



35 30 



47 to 44 00 

 37 48 

 28 to 30 00 

 27 45 



11 

 10 

 6. 

 11 

 10 

 11 

 11 

 11 

 11 

 12 

 11 

 to 12 

 11 



002 

 784 

 156 

 550 

 754 

 442 

 368 

 UOO 

 000 

 200 

 000 

 000 

 160 

 000 

 100 

 80«> 

 325 

 518 

 816 

 643 

 040 

 600 

 000 

 547 



Timber-line on Andes, in South America. 

 Timber-line on Andes, in Mexico 



6,500 

 6,600 



11,800 

 7,300 



11,000 

 to 12. 000 



12, 800 



It will be seen that there is a very regular increase in the elevation 

 of the timber-line as the latitude decreases, subject of course to varia- 

 tions when in the neighborhood of high table lands or seas. As we 

 approach the sea the timber-line rapidly sinks, until it is rarely over 

 7,000 feet in elevation, while, upon the mountain-peaks that rise above 

 elevated plateaus, it reaches an elevation of nearly 13,000 feet. 



This immense extent of high land of course raises the temperature, 

 and, by allowing the height of the timber-line to depend upon the 

 7nean annual temperature of the place, the difference between the height 

 of the line near table-lands and seas is accounted for. 



The Wahsatch Eange, near Ogden, is almost entirely destitute of 

 trees, their place being supplied by tangled shrubs. Occasionally a 

 small, stunted pine is met with, and the common juniper, {J. occidentalis.) 

 The most common shrub is the Ceanothus velutinus, forming patches so 

 tangled as to be almost impassable to the climber. The Cercocarpus 

 ledifolius, or " mountain mahogany," was also noted in considerable 

 abundance to the height of 7,500 feet. 



