FOREST AND STREAM 



481 



»nd carry dome from the Immediate vicinity of North Vinolnnd, Cum- 

 berland County, New Jersey, between The rising mui setting of Hie soli 

 on the day aforesaid, seven rabbits and one hundred and cv, , 

 quail ; and further this deponent Btut.n not. 



(Signed) "Wa. B. Rosbnbatjm. 

 "Sworn audMihseribtd at r'umoen. N. J,, mis Kt.h tin v of November, 

 before me, Inspector, Justice of the Peace, i lerk" of the District. 

 Court, Commissioner for all the Statea and nearly all the Terri- 

 tories, ■• James jM. GASSABT." 

 The Judge acknowledged himself convinced, and I cheer- 

 fully admitted that 1 had only bagged seventeen myself, but 

 insisted that I was like the Western judge who said, " Gentle- 

 men of the jury, I don't, know much law, but when you come 

 to en-denee. 1 am a clairvoyant on evi-dence /" So I claimed 

 that while I didn't know much about bagging quail in briar 

 patches, when it came to rabbits, "I was a clairvoyant on 

 rabbits !'' 



I tarried a while at Saratoga, but the Baden-Baden of 

 America and its odor of graceful women, its moonlight and 

 music, with all its elegance, did not please me like the breath 

 of the woods and the repose I felt while gipsying around 

 Viueland with Chimbo at my side ; aDd a magnificent dinner 

 at the Grand Union, beginning with Julienne soup and broiled 

 trout fresh from the Adirondacks, followed by a long line of 

 French, Spanish and Chinese dishes, ending with a meringue 

 glace, did not fill the corner in my heart so fully filled by ihe 

 blazing log fire at Malaga as we rested from our fruitful labors 

 that November day ana counted our game as the dogs lay 

 lazily at our feet. Dull care, like Sheridan at Winchester, 

 was a hundred miles away. But they are gone, all gone, the 

 dear familiar faces. Somewhere in the prairies of the far 

 West, Roseubaum carried his household gods, and tb< 

 pons belonging to the mighty hunt, r go with him as Ruth went 

 with Boaz. He was my oeau-ideal Of a gunner. He had a 

 grace in handling a double-barreled shot-gun of which even 

 mourners approved (if 1 may travesty a poet). If these lines 

 reach him in same happy hunting ground, let them say to 

 him: "Sweet William, Ihee made that interview with the 

 quails a pleasant one." Yours, J. M. S. 



Amebioan Fish Cultural Association. — A meeting of the 

 officers and members of the Executive Committee of the I 

 American Fish Cultural Association will be held in the office ! 

 of the President, R. B. Roosevelt, 76 Chambers street, on I 

 Saturday, 18th inst., at one i: m. 



Codfisq. — The United States Fish Commissioners, at their 

 stations in Gloucester, Mass., turned out into the sea about a 

 million youDg codfish week before last. The work is pro- 

 grassing satisfactorily. 



DiSTBiBrrnoH of Land-Looked Salmon.— We understand 

 that the crop of eggs of land-locked salmon obtained at the 

 Grand Lake Stream Hatching Establishment, in charge of 

 Mr. Atkins, has not been so successful as usual, although 

 there will be a supply for distribution by the U. S. Fish Com- 

 missioner. We would suggest the propriety of immediate 

 application to Prof. Baird, at Washington, by those who wish 

 to obtain eggs of this desirable species. 



Maryland. — The Baltimore American gives the following 

 resume of the work of Mr. T. B. Ferguson, the State Fish 

 Commissioner at the Druid Hill Park hatching-house, for 

 the month just passed: "On the 17lh instant," 12, 000 Cali- 

 fornia salmon were sent off to be placed in the Chester River, 

 near MilliDgton, and 1,000 were placed in the tributaries of 

 the Little Gunpowder, Baltimore County. On the 19th inst. 

 10,000 were sent to stock the waters of Octarara Creek, near 

 Liberty Grove. On the 21st instant 20,000 were placed in 

 Beer Creek, about eight miles east of Parkton. Besides these 

 there were 15,000 sent from the hatching-house that had been 

 hatched for Professor Baird, United States Commissioner, for 

 the rivers of Georgia ; 7,500 of these were placed in the trib- 

 utaries of the Ocmulgee River, between Con vers and Cunning- 

 ton, and the other 7,500 were equally divided between the 

 Oconee, at Milledgeville, and the Ocmulgee, near Macon, Ga. 

 Yesterday two messengers started on the 4:35 a. m. train with 

 20,000 for the Savannah and- other rivers of Georgia and 

 Alabama. These fish are from eggs that were sent to the 

 hatching-house by Professor Baird lor some of the Southern 

 States that have not yet established Commissioners. There 

 are left at the hatching-house some 15,000 belonging to the 

 United States Commission that will be sent to stock the 

 rivers of South Carolina, and about 50,000 more for Mary- 

 land waters. The Park Commission are now gathering a 

 supply of ice from the new carp ponds to fill a large house 

 recently constructed. The carp ponds are not only a great 

 ornament, to the park, and useful for fish culture, but are now 

 used for furnishing the ice supply for summer use. 



it affords great, protection to young fish. It so, onr friends of tlic nets 

 need be under no apprehension of Impediments to their seining, even 

 if they lose some of (heir water privileges ; and as surely Wiethe 

 hunters be correspondingly benefited. Ami right? I'erbix. 



It is not probable that the wild rice will spread to deep 

 water. We have never seen it growing in water deeper than 

 six feet. It has, however, been known to spread over large 

 areas, leaving only narrow channel ways and lagoons. As a 

 protection of young or old fish, nothing can be better. If the 

 water is deep off-shore, we should have little apprehension.— 

 Ed. F. and S. 



Fig. 1 is a. perspective view showing way built of timber 

 and attached to a wooden dam. 



Fig. la is a longitudinal section through centre on line CD 

 Fig. 3, 



Fig. 3 shows horizontal sections at different levels, ce, dd, 

 ce, Fig. 4. and ff Fig. la. 



Fig. 3 shows horizontal projection of way, 83 seen from 

 above. 



Fig. 4 a transverse vertical seflfti on AB Fig. la. 



The water is led through rile dam by the" oblique sluice 

 EEE, which has a. horizontal boflom, IS inches below level of 

 water in dam. The dimensions of i bis sluice-way are 90 pro- 

 portioned that at the topjof the incline (at T.'Fig. la) the 



m Tennessee.— In his message to the Tennessee Legislature, 

 delivered at Nashville, January 8, Gov. James D. Porter 

 urges a liberal appropriation of public funds for the further- 

 ance of the efforts of the State Fish Commissioners. The 

 appeal of North Carolina for co operation in restocking the 

 Tennessee River is also recognized, and the necessary appro- 

 priation recommended. 



Mr. Frank A. Clark, one of the United States Fish Com- 

 missioners, has begun the establishment of a fish hatchery at 

 Nashville for the propagation of California salmon and other 

 fish. Our Nashville correspondent writes : 



"Two much credit cannot be given to Col. G. F. Akers for 

 the zeal he has manifested in the fish interest of this State 

 Although an officer without pay, and obstacles innumerable 

 thrown in his way, he has toiled unremittingly, and it is to be 

 hoped he will succeed in getting such protective laws passed 

 as will insure us a fine supply of all varieties of game fish 

 suited to our waters. J. d, jj. » 



_***_« 



\ Wild Rice in Fish Ponds.— Editor Forest and Stream: Having no- 

 ticed in my various hunting expeditions to Reel Foot Lake, Tenn., lhat 

 there was no wild rice growing in it, and as there were doubts as to 

 Hs growing so far south, I sent a friend, living at Hickman, Ky., some 

 forty pounds of it, obtained from Bramerd, Minn., to plant in the lake. 

 Though it was planted late in the Bprlng of 1677, It has grown so rankly 

 that the question among the fishermen now is whether to destroy the 

 wild rice, or let it destroy their fishing ? It seems it has taken such a 

 growth that they fear it will cover the entire lake. My Impression is 

 t will not take root or giow beyond Bix »set qeptu of water ; alao, that 





the Mcdonald fishway. 



IN response to our request for information of bis recently 

 devised fishway, Prof. M. McDonald, of the Virginia 

 Military Institute, Lexington, Va., has kindly furnished us 

 with the accompanying illustrations and description. The ex- 

 cellence of the design will appear at once upon a careful study 

 of its principles. The advantages which this design appears 

 to possess are the efficiency with which it will accomplish the 

 work for which it is designed, and its adaptability to all 

 streams, without rsgard to the steepness of the ascent or the 

 volume of the current. A maximum velocity of less than 

 five miles per hour is not necessary, even for shad, and with a 

 slope of one in four would permit the bays (L M, fig. 3) to be 

 eight feet long ; on a slope of one in six, twelve feet long. If 

 the maximum velocity permitted is fixed at eight miles per 

 hour, then for a slope of one iu four the bays would be about 

 sixteen feet long, and their width and depth would be regu- 

 lated by the water supply. Mr. McDonald writes that he has 

 constructed a miniature way in the hatching-house at Lexing 

 ton, the slope of which is about thirty degs., the total rise 

 being nine inches. Up this the young salmon shoot with such 

 rapidity that the eye can scarcely follow them, and they move 

 with apparently the ease of a bird rising from cover. The in- 

 ventor is sanguine that the time will come when the principles 

 developed and applied in his fish- way will be successfully em- 

 ployed, not only to pass fish, but boats over the natural and 

 artificial obstructions of our rivets. Indeed the dream of the 

 mercenary American who would convert Niagara into a saw- 

 mill may yet be realized in a different and vastly better way 

 when Professor McDonald shall have placed in that mighty 

 flood a gigantic fishway and thus open the inland Jakes to 

 our migratory fi 9ues , Tke illustrations given are as follows i 



depth of the current is about 12 inches. The surface is there" 

 fore about 6 inches below surface of water in dam, and the 

 velocity of the current at T where the ascending fish enter it 

 will not exceed three miles per hour. 



The water from the sluice-way escapes laterally at It, Fig. 

 3, and may either be caught and worked over again at lower 

 levels, if the water supply is deficient, or may be led by suita- 

 ble means and discharged at the foot of the way. The same 

 disposition should be made of all the waste, as it will serve to 

 lead fish to the mouth of the way. 



From T. the level of the bottom of the sluice-way, a sloping 

 platform T U, with an inclination of one in four, leads to the 

 level of the water below the dam. Up the centre of this plat- 

 form is a slotted opening, the width of which is regulated by 

 the water supply. This opening may be adjustable to differ- 

 ent widths, if desirable, to provide i'or a varying water sup- 

 ply. The platform or incline forms the top of a boxed 

 sluice of sufficient capacity, which communicates freely with 

 the water in the dam. When the way is in operation the 

 water flows upward through the central slotted opening, and 

 is directed up the slope by plates set obliquely and raking up 

 the slope. To equalize velocity of efflux at all points of the 

 slope, and to feed the current at all levels by water from rest, 

 the space below the incline is divided into equal compart- 

 ments by transverse curved plates, ltk and c. 



The water enters these compartments from beneath. The 

 areas of the openings below being so proportioned as to vary 

 inversely as the square roots of the effective heads at the dif- 

 ferent levels; consequently the quantity of water entering 

 each compartment in equal times will be the same, anil the 

 velocity of effitix all along the incline will be the same. 



When water is turned on the waj there will be a central up- 

 ward roll of water from Ine bottom to the top til the incline, ; 

 each particle of water will asci ad Be tain di its ice, regulated 

 by the velocity of efflux -. will then Coin ton t and roll out- 

 wardly to form on either w , , currents, 

 which when the velocity exceeds the established maximum 

 are intercepted and led off the slope either to be used over 

 again at a lower level or by suitable channels, delivered on 

 either side of the mouth of the fishway. The direction of the 

 Currents in the. way ri the arrow head*, Fig. 8. 



