45 



KC1 19 • 6833 grains 



CaS0 4 I38-5538 



FeC03 3 • 6470 



KI -0980 



MgBr2 -0496 



Leaving St. Catharines, the railway begins the ascent 

 of the Niagara cuesta. No exposures of the Richmond 

 or of the overlying Cataract sandstone, shale and limestone 

 are to be seen, but at Merritton (Alt. 411 feet, 125-2 m.) 

 the white and red mottled sandstone and shale of the 

 Medina formation crops out on the west side of the track. 



Thorold — Alt. 595 ft.; 180 -8 m. On approaching 



Thorold, the old 

 canal may be seen to the west and the new canal to the 

 east. The dolomitic limestone of the Niagara (Lock- 

 port) formation is exposed above the new canal 

 and may be seen in the distance. From this point a large 

 amount of excellent building stone has been quarried. 

 The metallurgical works of the Coniagas Reduction Com- 

 pany in which a large amount of Cobalt ore is treated are 

 situated near Thorold. 



Niagara Falls — Alt. 557 ft.; 169-3 m. Between 



Thorold and 

 Niarara Falls, the railway continues on the upland and, 

 in places, is close enough to the brow to afford an outlook 

 over the lowland to the north. The Pleistocene deposits 

 are of post-glacial character, and the district is better 

 adapted to general agriculture than to fruit raising. A 

 full account of the geology of Niagara Falls and the sur- 

 rounding country is given in the guide to Excursions 

 A4 and Bi ; to these the reader is referred. 



From Thorold to Port Colborne 18 -8 miles (29- 1 km.) 

 the country is flat or slightly sloping to Lake Erie. About 

 15 miles (24-1 km.) from Thorold a peat bog covering six or 

 seven square miles is crossed. Beyond this is an exposure 

 of unfossilife ous shaly limestone, which probably belongs 

 to the Salina formation at the top of the Silurian. The 

 Oriskany sandstone at the base of the Devonian is not 

 exposed, but the Onondaga limestone is represented near 

 Humberstone and continues to the shore of Lake Erie. 



Port Colborne — Alt. 583 ft., 177 -74 m. 



